Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 2.djvu/121

 ii. JULY so, 1904.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

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city it is worthless. To speak of "the figure of a large lion executed in a very superior style," that " has guarded for more than 800 years" a pulpit we know to have been made in or about A.D. 1480, is sheer nonsense. Before writing to ' N. & Q.' DR. FORSHAW should have made himself master of the facts. The accuracy of Miss Barr Brown's sensational statement that this pulpit " is cut out of one entire stone," made in the Antiquary (April, p. 99), was denied in that publication's issue for June (p. 192). Referring to it, Mr. John Addison, of Hart's Hill House, Briefly Hill, over date of 18 May, writes :

" I am familiar with St. Peters Church, but never heard before that the pulpit was 'out out of one entire stone.' A few days ago I visited the church, with some friends, for the express purpose of inspecting the pulpit ; but our inspection did not verify Miss Barr Brown's statement. The pulpit is certainly not cut out of one entire stone. Ihe base, obviously, is made up of two stones, and in the general structure the joints are perfectly well marked."

HARRY HEMS.

Fair Park, Exeter.

The " Wolverhampton Guide. By the Rev. J. T. Jeffcock, M.A., F.S. A., Rector of Wolver- hampton and Rural Dean, 1884," states on p. 32 :

" The pulpit erroneously believed, before it was scraped ana restored, and stated in Dr. Oliver's history of the church to be cut out of a xiugle block erf stone is elaborately and beautifully carved, and deserves careful and minute investigation. It is allowed to be one of the finest specimens of a stone pulpit known."

HENRY JOHN BEARDSHAW. 27, Northumberland Road, Sheffield.

AINSTY (10 th S. ii. 25). In that part of the 'Rotuli Hundredorum' which relates to Yorkshire the following verdict of a jury appears under the heading " VVappentagium de Aynesty ":

"Dicunt quod dotninus Willelmus de Stotemay fecit purpresturamde quadam via regia & obstruxit quamdam placeam que vocatur Aynesty per part-em usque ad divisam de Caupemantorp. Et Philippus de Faukenberg' & Gazo de Calido Monte obstruxe- irunt residuum, ita quod to tarn placeam sibi & here- dibussuis modo appropriaveruntque antiquitus fuit via regia xl annis elapsis, unde partem dicte vie terram arabilem fecerunt & partem in boscis suis incluserunt." Vol. i. p. I'J.'m.

Here " placea que vocatur Aynesty " is said anciently to have been a king's highway, and in a vocabulary of the fifteenth century \\ -t have "platea, a hye wey " (Wright-Wiilcker, 7 ( J7, 12). Hence we may conclude that the wapentake called Ainsty takes its name from -a road which passed through it, and that the
 * vord with which we have to do is A.-S

'instlg, O.N. einstitfi, Norwegian einstig, a

ingle or one-by-one path, like the Northern

dialectal bridle-sty, a road wide enough for

one horse or carriage. The breadth of such

a road, which is usually sunken, is eight

eet ; see my paper on * Sunken Lanes,' 9 th S.

v. 289. In ' The Returns of the Poll Tax for

,he West Riding,' 1379, p. 297, Ainsty is

written simply Sty, to which the editor has

prefixed A in in brackets. S. O. ADDY.

.Ainsty is too common a name to be the result of one special locality ; we have the Dlace-narae in Cambridgeshire, Dorset, Devon, Hants, Herts, Leicester, Wilts, Warwickshire, few of which are on the line of Roman roads ; so we need some common object or purpose to account for its spread. I suggest a form of "old settlement," cf. Hanstie-bury, Surrey; Henstead, Norfolk and Suffolk ; Henshaw, Northumberland and Yorkshire.

A. HALL.

Highbury.

Curia Christianitatis, the Court of Chris- tenty, or Court Christian, was the usual title of the Bishop's Court in every diocese. Its abbreviation could only be '* Court Xtian " or " Court of Xtianity."

JOHN HOBSON MATTHEWS.

Monmouth.

" HANGED, DRAWN, AND QUARTERED " (10 th S. i. 209, 275, 356, 371, 410, 497). Evidence can be produced that, whatever the order of the phrase, the word " drawn " refers to the removal of the entrails. For in the book generally known as Fox's * Martyrs,' ed. 1684, that author records that in 1388 Robert Trisilian, the justice, was " hanged and drawn " (i. 585), and that Damplish was " in Calice cruelly put to death, being drawn, hanged, and quartered," 1540 (ii. 476), and he gives a picture of the "drawing," i.e., the actual evisceration. Moreover, he tells of six men, in 1540, who were "drawn," two together, "upon a hurdle" to the place of execution, and there put to death, three by fire, "the other three by hanging, drawing, and quartering " (ii. 446). Stow also tells of one who in 1583 was "drawn from Newgate into Smithfield, and there hanged, bowelled and quartered" (quoted in Genealogist, N.S., xiii. 74). The drawing on a hurdle is in these instances clearly separated from the other drawing included in the phrase " hanged, drawn, and quartered." W. C. B.

When gathering materials for the * History of Blackheath ' 1 lighted on a case which I quote as well as failing memory permits. It may have appeared among the foot-notes, or