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NOTES AND QUERIES. uo s. x. NOV. 28, im

that daye sett upp verses in honour and commen- dacion of Quene Elizabeth, the blessed founder of this schole, the next daie they shall returne to schole to learne as before."

Although these statutes are now obsolete, the observance above mentioned is kept up to this extent, that any boy who presents to the head master an ode of sufficient merit on Queen Elizabeth may claim a half- holiday for the whole school. But as our Foundation Day is 19 November, and Queen Elizabeth's Day often falls on a Saturday or Sunday, when there is no school, the holiday may be claimed on either of these days : one was claimed and given last year. MATTHEW H. PEACOCK,

Head Master.

Queen Elizabeth's School, Wakefield.

It was formerly customary to ring the church bells on Queen Elizabeth's Day. The churchwardens' accounts of Eltham in Kent record many payments for this, the amounts varying from 3s. Qd. to 1 5s. Thus in 1579 and 1582,

"November pd to the Ringers the xvij daie of Nou y e w h is called Coronation daie, iij. vjcZ."

" 17 November I tin. laid out the same day to the Ringers beinge then in remembrance of Coronation day, Ix. vj^."

From the churchwardens' accounts of St. Dunstan, Cranbrook, in the same county, we find that I2d. was paid in 1579 to the ringers on Coronation Day, while the ringers had a dinner in 1595 which cost 5s.

At St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford, on the day in 1575,

"Pd. for bred, drinck and cheese for Ringing of St. Hewes daye in reioysing of the Queue's pros- perous Range [ate], ij*. \iijd." Subsequent entries show that 11s. Sd. was paid in 1588, and 16s. 4d. in 1589. The date seems to have been altered to 5 Novem- ber after 1605.

I have extracted these from Stahl- schmidt's ' Church Bells of Kent,' pp. 230, 274-5, and North's ' Church Bells of Hert- fordshire,' p. 152 et seq. ; but there were celebrations long after that according to Bourne's ' Observations on Popular Anti- quities,' extending well into the eighteenth century. AYEAHB.

CAMPBELL : PRONUNCIATION OF THE NAME (10 S. x. 228, 278, 338, 393). I do not think it is safe to assume with MR. J. BROWN (at the last reference) that the reason for the ordinary Scottish pronunciation of Campbell as "Cammle " is, "as in most cases of ab- breviation, that man is naturally a lazy animal." There is no evidence of the ori-

ginal form of the name, and in the absence of such evidence, how can we assume that " Cammle " is an abbreviation ? The popular etymology cam beul, wry mouth is wholly hypothetical, and leaves the p unaccounted for. I should incline in this, as in many other cases, to lean to local pronunciation as a likely guide to the original form. Nobody sounds the excres- cent and redundant p in Thompson, nor does its presence mask the patronymic " son of Tom." The clan Campbell were known and referred to. in charters as late as 1368 as Clan O'Duibhne. The first documentary occurrence of the name Camp- bell is in a charter of 1263 (' Exchequer Rolls,' i. 24) in favour of Sir Gillespie Cambel. His son, Sir Colin Campbell, was the " Calen Mor" or Great Colin (died c. 1296), from whom the Duke of Argyll derives his Gaelic title MacCalein-mor.

Numerous instances of excrescent labials in literary English will occur to readers, and it will be found that these are hardly ever sounded in Scots pronunciation : English. Scots.

chamber chaumer

timber timmer

bramble brammle

humble hummel

A hummel stag is one without horns.

The only exception I can think of is the word " empty," where the Scots reject the organic t, retain the excrescent p, and say " empy." HERBERT MAXWELL.

JOHN OF GAUNT' s ARMS (10 S. x. 9, 116, 174). I have glanced through one or two heraldic authorities that I have with me here in an endeavour to answer GHENT'S inquiry as to what were the armorial in- signia of John of Gaunt, or Ghent, the fourth son of Edward III.

The source from which I can offer the most assistance is the 1864 (the best) edition of Boutell's ' Heraldry, Historical and Popular,' where at p. 239 and at other references your correspondent will find most of the information which he desiresf The above prince is there described as of Ghent, the fourth son of Edward III., K.G., Duke of Lancaster and King o. Castile and Leon, and his arms as " France Ancient and England, with a label of three points ermine " (as a mark of cadency). And as your correspondent particularly asks as to " the cadency mark," he will be interested to learn that this label may be blazoned as "of Brittany," having been derived from the ermine canton borne by