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NOTES AND QUERIES. [io s..x. SEPT. 26,

pictorial efforts include churches, a crude represen- tation of the Tower of London, an anchor, and the triple emblem of the rose, shamrock, and thistle. In the cellars under the courthouse are portions of the oak furniture of the court, including the bench ; and running under the roadway of Wellclose Square is a dungeon lined with brickwork a foot thick."

HAROLD MALET, Col.

BANSTEAD : RACES AND MUTTON. A writer who signs himself " Wolferstone," in some verses prefixed to Thomas de Gray's ' Compleat Horseman,' 1639, professes that if he does not commend his friend's book he deserves to

be banisht all the play At Bansteed, Winchester, and Salsbury.

On 29 Dec., 1657,

"some parties of horse were sent to Benstead Downes, where was an expectation of att least 2000 horse to bee assembled to a race, and many if nott most of the eminent Cavaleers." ' Clarke Papers,' Camel. Soc., iii. 130.

In ' S'too him Bayes,' Oxon, 1673 (a reply to Marvell's ' Rehearsal Transprosed ' ), p. 80 :

"'if Cardinal Chigi covets Bansted Mutton and

Colchester Oysters Mornings Draughts out of

our Herefordshire Red-streak arid Kentish Pipins, in this case I must (like Frier John) take up Arms for my Vineyard."

Pope, in his ' Imitations of Horace,' ii. 143 (Globe ed., by A. W. Ward, 1870, p. 293), writes in 1733 :

To Hounslow-heath I point and Bansted-down, Thence comes your mutton.

There is an account of the wells on Bansted downs in 1 S. iv. 315, 492.

W. C. B.

NEWLYN COLONY OF ABTISTS. The follow- ing note from a proof of the will of the late J. Henry Martin, of 6, Brunei Terrace, Saltash, may interest your readers :

" He began life as a midshipman, making voyages round the Cape of Good Hope to India, but later, from 1875 to 1895, exhibited his pictures at the Royal Academy, and practically discovered the village of Newlyn, where he established himself as an artist in 1870. He left estate valued at 112^. 15s. 4d."

Mr. Martin died 10 May last at the age of seventy-two years. See West Briton, 25 June, 1908. P. JENNINGS.

St. Day.

THE BASTINADO AS AN ENGLISH MILITARY PUNISHMENT. A quotation of 1594 in the soldior. . . .went out of his ranke. . . .he had the bastannado " ; but no illustration is given of the employment of this punish- ment in the English army. A very striking one is to be found, however, in the ' Laws
 * H.E.D.' mentions that " if a Romane

for the Troops,' then serving in the Low Countries, and understood to be of the date of September, 1589, which provided, inter alia, that

" whosoever shall make any shout, outcry, or, without cause, discharge a piece, either in march, station, or ambush, or give causeless alarm, or take his arms tumultuously, shall suffer for the present, bastinados ; after, arbitrary punishment.

" No man shall march with the baggage but the companies appointed, or straggle, or go on pilfering in the march, on pain of imprisonment and the bastinado, if he be taken." Historical MSS. Com- mission, 'AncasterMSS.,'p. 290.

ALFRED F. ROBBINS.

J. H. SHOBTHOTJSE ON ' JOHN INGLESANT.' I find in The Guardian for 18 March, 1903, the following letter, communicated by the Rev. W. A. Wickham :

Lansdowne, Edgbaston, October 5, 1883. Sir, In reply to your letter I am a devoted ad- herent of the Church of England as by law estab- lished. More particularly I should call myself " a Broad Church Sacramentalist." The assertion that I am an agnostic merely shows that the majority of persons who use the phrase are totally ignorant of

its meaning The entire tone of ' John Inglesant '

is that of understatement it has been compared to what is known as the Aristotelian irony, or what might perhaps be called "Christian agnosticism." Your obedient servant,

J. HENRY SHORTHOUSE. The Rev. W. A. Wickham.

This seems to me worthy of preservation in the ' N. & Q.' storehouse.

F. JARRATT.

SEXTONS : THE BRAMWELL FAMILY. The following extract from The Derby Mercury, I May, 1908, may be of interest :

" A record of service by one family which is pro- bably unique in this country is held by the sexton of Chapel-en-le-Frith. For an unbroken period of at least 277 years the office of sexton has been held by the family of Bramwell in direct line. In 1631 Peter Bramwell was the holder of that useful, if not prominent office, and he continued so to act for 52 years, his son followed for 40 years, his grand- son for 38 years, his great-grandson for 50 years, his great-great-grandson for 43 years, his great-great- great-graridson for 39 years ; whilst Joseph Bram- well, the son of the latter, has held the appoint- ment since his father's death in 1893 to the present time."

W. B. H.

TENNYSON : " THE RINGING GROOVES OF CHANGE." Whatever be the opinion held by the literary world as to the annotated Tennyson, edited by his son, it is certainly the richer by the poet's explanation that he wrote the above line almost immediately after his first railway journey, when he was given to understand that the wheels ran on grooved rails. H. P. L.