Page:Nixing the Fix.pdf/20

 Manufacturers’ control of spare parts makes it a challenge for individuals and independent repair shops to replace consumable parts that are likely to need replacement during the course of a product’s useful life, such as mobile phone batteries. Moreover, manufacturers’ control of spare parts may result in consumers’ needing to replace appliances and other products simply because they cannot obtain a spare part.
 * 2.

Independent repair shops and repair advocates state that some manufacturers do not release service manuals that would be needed to fix otherwise repairable products. Service manuals provide instructions and guidance on how to fix components that may be broken or not functioning properly, or techniques for troubleshooting other issues. Without these manuals, independent repair providers claim that making repairs can be very difficult or impossible. Furthermore, in certain instances, manufacturers threaten to sue or sue entities who publish repair manuals or diagnostic codes.
 * 3.

Diagnostic software and firmware are often necessary today to make repairs because they help repair shops diagnose problems with devices. Repair advocates have indicated that some manufacturers limit the availability of such software and in other instances institute code that prevents ISOs from developing alternative diagnostic software. C.Designs that Make Independent Repairs Less Safe The primary safety concern of independent repair raised by manufacturers and right to repair advocates relates to the challenges of replacing lithium ion cells. Lithium ion cells power numerous devices, ranging from small consumer electronics to automobiles. Two common types of lithium ion cells are pouches—thin and flexible polymer cells that are found in electronic