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332 332 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Ehrenberg, C. — Beitrage zur Beurtheilung der wunderbaren japa- nischen Grlaspfianze, der Sogenannten Corallenthier-Grattung Hyalonema, und der Eamilie der Hyalochaetiden. Berl. Monats. 1860, p.

G-osse, P. H. — Actinologia Britannica : a History of the British Sea Anemones and Corals.

The recent British Actinoida (==■ Zoantharia s. Heliantlwida) are here minutely described, and illustrated by numerous coloured figures. The author distinguishes seventy-five species, and adds definitions of the principal varieties of each. All the species receive English names. A tendency is shown to multiply un- duly the number of genera and families. A detailed account is given of the anatomy of the Actinia?, which contains some new facts, especially with regard to their stinging apparatus. The most valuable part of the work is that which treats systematically of the non-adherent forms. Under the name of ■ conchula' a curious organ is described, which appears to be a modification of the oral extremity of the single gonidial groove in some of these creatures.

A table is appended, showing the distribution of the species, so far, at least, as at present known, around the different parts of our coast.

Gray, J. E. — Eevision of the Eamily Pennatulidae, with Descriptions of some new species in the British Museum. With figures. A. N. H. 3 ser. v. p. 20. Jan. 1860.

Dr. Gray divides this family into five tribes: Fimiculineae (Junciformes), Pennatiolece (Penniformes), Kopliobelemnoniece (Claviformes), Veretillece (Yeretilloids), and Benillece. The memoir of Herklats (Bidj. t. d. Dierkunde, part vij. 1858) is made " the basis of this communication." Two plates are added, repre- senting Sarcoptilus simosus, S. Gurneyi ; Sarcobelemnon Austral- asia, and Renilla sinuata.

. . On the G-enus Hyalonema. A. N. H. 3 ser. v. p. 229.

Dr. Gray, following Brandt, regards Hyalonema as a Zoan- tharian, and not, as he first supposed, a genus allied to Gorgonia. He believes that the living Hyalonema finds its proper habitat in a peculiar kind of Sponge, within the substance of which one end of the coral is firmly embedded. He thinks also that the two species of Hyalonema, and one of Hyalocliceta, described by Brandt, may, possibly, be varieties of the same form.

Notice of some new Corals from Madeira, discovered by

J. Y. Johnson, Esq. Ann. N. H. 3 ser. vi. p. 311.

These Corals are : Corallium Johisonii, allied to O. rubrum ; Antipatlies gracilis, a fan-like branching species, about six inches high ; and A. setacea, which has a straight elongate corallum, covered with numerous short conical spinules. Its length is 18 inches. A variety of this last (j3. occiden talis), which may prove a distinct species, has also been received from Turk's Island,