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 Table II.

General guidelines for matching the appropriate sampler with the bioaerosol of interest.

Sampler

Culturable Bioaerosol Sampling Free Bacteria Free Fungi MMAD < 4 µm

MMAD < 4 µm

Clumped

MMAD 4 µm

Andersen 6-Stage

A

A

A

Andersen 2-Stage

A

A

A

Andersen 1-Stage

A

A

A,H

Mattson-Garvin Slit-to-Agar

A

A

A

Ace Glass All-Glass Impinger-30

C,D

C,D

D,E

Compact

G

G

B

Standard

G

G

B

Non-Viable Bioaerosol Sampling Bioaerosols Bioaerosols MMAD < 4 µm

MMAD 4 µm

PBI Surface Air System

BIOTEST Reuter Centrifugal Sampler Standard

B

RCS-Plus

B

Membrane Filter Samplers

C,F

C

C

C

C

Burkard Spore Trap (1,7-Day) I

Standard Nozzle High-Efficiency Nozzle Burkard (Personal) Sampler Slit B

Seive Burkard May-Type Multi-Stage C,D

Impinger

C,D

E

Allergenco MK-2

A B C D

E F G H I

3.

1/15/98

= = = = = = = = = =

Satisfactory for specified application. Concentrations greater than 5,000-7,000 CFU/m3 will overload sample; Concentrations greater than 1,000-2,000 CFU/m3 will overload sample; Good for very low to very high concentrations; Bioaerosols may be reaerosolized and drawn out of the impingers during sampling, resulting in an underestimation of concentration and a decrease in precision; May overestimate concentration due to breaking up of clumps; For desiccation-resistant bacteria only; May be acceptable with new sampling head being evaluated by PBI/Spiral Biotech; May underestimate conc. of large bioaerosols (MMAD > 10 µm) due to impactor entry losses; May underestimate concentration of small bioaerosols (MMAD 5 µm).

SAMPLING CONSIDERATIONS

91

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods