Page:NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods - 8003.pdf/1

 LEAD in blood and urine

Pb

MW: 207.19

CAS:

METHOD: 8003, Issue 2

7439-92-1

8003

RTECS:

OF7525000

EVALUATION: FULL

BIOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF:

Issue 1: 15 February 1984 Issue 2: 15 August 1994

exposure to lead and lead compounds.

SYNONYMS: none.

BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING

MEASUREMENT

SPECIMEN:

whole blood; urine, end of shift

TECHNIQUE:

ATOMIC ABSORPTION, FLAME

CONTAINER:

10-mL lead-free tubes (blood); 125mL polyethylene bottles (urine)

ANALYTE:

Pb(II)-APDC complex

EXTRACTION:

APDC-MIBK

ANICOAGULANT:

(blood) heparin CALIBRATION:

PRESERVATIVE:

(urine) 0.2 mL conc. HNO 3

methyl isobutyl ketone solutions of Pb(II)-APDC complex

SHIPMENT:

polyethylene shippers

QUALITY CONTROL:

commercial controls; pooled urine or blood; urine corrected for creatinine

blood stable 3 days @ 4 C; indefinitely if sonicated and frozen in plastic tubes; urine stable indefinitely if kept acidified with HNO 3

RANGE:

5 to 150 µg/100 g blood; 5 to 150 µg/100 mL urine

ESTIMATED LOD:

0.05 µg Pb/g blood or mL urine [1]

commercial urine and blood lead control samples plus pooled urine and blood from non-exposed populations

RECOVERY:

0.99

PRECISION (Sr):

0.05 [1]

ACCURACY:

± 10.8%

SAMPLE STABILITY:

CONTROLS:

APPLICABILITY: This procedure quantitates Pb 2+ in blood or urine to assess body burden, injury to the hematopoietic system, and to comply with Federal Regulations. Blood lead is the preferred biological indicator of lead absorption. The optimum working range is 0.1 to 1.5 µg. Pb per g blood or per mL urine [2].

INTERFERENCES: Phosphate, EDTA, and oxalate can sequester lead and cause low lead readings.

OTHER METHODS: This method combines and replaces P&CAM 208 [1] and 262 [3]. Methods P&CAM 102 (dithizone), 195 (ASV), 200 (ASV) and 214 (graphite furnace AAS) [4] have not been revised. Anodic stripping voltametry (ASV) is an alter native procedure if specialized equipment is available [5].

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94