Page:NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods - 2549.pdf/3

 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (SCREENING): METHOD 2549, Issue 1, dated 15 May 1996 - Page 3 of 8

8. 9.

Analyze "humidity test" sampler first to determine if humidity was high during sampling (step 10). If high humidity, dry purge the tubes with purified helium at 50 to 100 mL/min for a maximum of 3 L at ambient temperature prior to analysis. . 10. Place the sampler into the thermal desorber. Desorb in reverse direction to sampling flow.

CALIBRATION AND QUALITY CONTROL: 11. Tune the mass spectrometer according to manufacturer’s directions to calibrate. 12. Make at least one blank run prior to analyzing any field samples to ensure that the TD-GC-MS system produces a clean chromatographic background. Also make a blank run after analysis of heavily concentrated samples to prevent any carryover in the system. If carryover is observed, make additional blank runs until the contamination is flushed from the thermal desorber system. 13. Maintain a log of thermal desorber tube use to record the number of times used and compounds found. If unexpected analytes are found in samples, the log can be checked to verify if the tube may have been exposed to these analytes during a previous sampling use. 14. Run spiked samples along with the screening samples to confirm the compounds of interest. To prepare spiked samples, use the procedure outlined in the Appendix. MEASUREMENT: 15. See Appendix for conditions. MS scan range should cover the ions of interest, typically from 20 to 300 atomic mass units (amu). Mass spectra can either be identified by library searching or by manual interpretation (see Table 1). In all cases, library matches should also be checked for accurate identification and verified with standard spikes if necessary. EVALUATION OF METHOD: The method has been used for a number of field screening evaluations to detect volatile organic compounds. Estimate of the limit of detection for the method is based on the analysis of spiked samples for a number of different types of organic compounds. For the compounds studied, reliable mass spectra were collected at a level of 100 ng per compound or less. In situations where high levels of humidity may be present on the sample, some of the polar volatile compounds may not be efficiently collected on the internal trap of the thermal desorber. In these situations, purging of the samples with 3 L of helium at 100 mL/min removed the excess water and did not appreciably affect the recovery of the analytes on the sample. REFERENCES: [1] [2]

[3] [4]

Health and Safety Executive [1992]. MDHS 72 - Volatile organic compounds in air. Methods for the determination of hazardous substances. HMSO: London: ISBN 0-11-885692-8. McCaffrey CA, MacLachlan J, Brookes BI [1994]. Adsorbent tube evaluation for the preconcentration of volatile organic compounds in air for analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst 119:897-902. Bianchi AP, Varney MS [1992]. Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds in estuarine air by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 643:11-23. EPA [1984]. Environmental Protection Agency Air Toxics Method T01. Rev. 1.0 (April, 1984): Method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in ambient air using Tenax(R) adsorption and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), Section 13.

METHOD WRITTEN BY: Ardith A. Grote and Eugene R. Kennedy, Ph.D., NIOSH, DPSE

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 5/15/96