Page:NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods - 2529.pdf/1

 FURFURAL

C5H4O 2

MW: 96.09

METHOD: 2529, Issue 2

CAS: 98-01-1

2529

RTECS: LT7000000

EVALUATION: FULL

OSHA : 5 ppm (skin) NIOSH: no recommended standard ACGIH: 2 ppm (skin) (1 ppm = 3.93 mg/m 3 @ NTP)

Issue 1: 15 August 1987 Issue 2: 15 August 1994

PROPERTIES: liquid; d 1.160 g/mL @ 20 °C; BP 162 °C; MP - 36 °C; VP 0.26 kPa (2 mm Hg; 2600 ppm) @ 20 °C; explosive range 2.1 to 19.3% v/v in air

SYNONYMS: 2-furaldehyde; 2-furancarboxaldehyde

SAMPLING SAMPLER:

SOLID SORBENT TUBE (10% 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine on XAD-2, 120 mg/60 mg)

MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE:

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, FID

ANALYTE:

oxazolidine derivative of furfural

FLOW RATE: 0.01 to 0.05 L/min

DESORPTION:

2 mL toluene; 30 min ultrasonic

VOL-MIN: -MAX:

1 L @ 5 ppm 12 L

INJECTION VOLUME:

SHIPMENT:

routine

SAMPLE STABILITY:

at least 2 weeks @ 25 °C

1 µL; splitless

TEMPERATURE-INJECTION: -DETECTOR: -COLUMN:

FIELD BLANKS: 2 to 10 field blanks per set MEDIA BLANKS: 18 per set (for DE)

250 °C 280 °C 1 min @ 70 °C; 20 °C/min; hold 2 min @ 290 °C

CARRIER GAS:

He, 20 cm/sec

COLUMN:

10 m x 0.25-mm, 1 µm DB5

CALIBRATION:

furfural standards spiked on sampler

RANGE:

16 to 640 µg per sample [1]

ACCURACY RANGE STUDIED: BIAS:

2.6 to 40 mg/m 3 [1] (15-L samples) - 7.0%

ˆ rT): 0.076 [1] OVERALL PRECISION (S ACCURACY:

ESTIMATED LOD: 5 µg per sample [1] PRECISION (Sr):

0.057 [1]

± 21.9%

APPLICABILITY: The working range is 0.3 to 5.5 ppm (1.3 to 22 mg/m 3) for a 12-L air sample. The method is suitable for the simultaneous determination of furfural and glutaraldehyde [1].

INTERFERENCES: None have been observed.

OTHER METHODS: Method S17 [2] is an alternate, less sensitive method for furfural which uses bubbler collection and derivatization with Girard T reagent.

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94