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FULLER. 1863), and a sketch by Higginson in Harvard Memorial Biographies, vol i. (Cambridge, Mass., 1866).

FULLER, George (1822-84). An American figure, portrait, and landscape painter. He was born at Deerfield, Mass., in 1822. He showed a talent for art at an early age. From 1836 to 1838 he was in Illinois with a party of civil engineers, and was associated with Henry Kirke Brown, the sculptor. Returning to Deerfield, he completed his education in four years, giving considerable attention to portrait painting. In 1842-43 he studied with Brown in Albany. He spent sev- eral years in Boston, portrait painting, then removed to New York, and continued his studies at the Academy. He was elected associate of the National Academy in 1857, upon an exhibition of a portrait of his first master, Henry Kirke Brown. He went South for three years, making many studies of negro life. In 1860 he went to Europe. He returned to Deerfield, where he com- bined his interests as an artist and farmer. His later works show his keen appreciation of na- ture. In 1876 he exhibited fourteen pictures in Boston which were received with enthusiasm. This was followed by frequent exhibitions at the Academy. In 1879 Mr. Fuller showed the "Ro- many Girl," and "She Was a Witch." In 1880, the "Quadroon"; and in 1881, the loveliest of all his works— the "Winifred Dysart." "Turkey Pasture in Kentucky" is one of his finest ex- amples. The subjects of Fuller's pictures are extremely simple, conceived in a pictorial spirit. His landscapes are not so much definite pictures of localities as idealized studies of color, light, and foliage, with a poetic expression of sun and shadow. His color is soft and rich, expressed in broad, simple masses. He was a great draughts- man. He preserved all the large lines of form, sacrificing the minor details to the beauty of the whole. The essence of his art was selection. Ful- ler was the forerunner of a new tendency in art, that of the Idealistic School.

FULLER, Henry Blake (1857—). An American novelist and story-writer, born in Chi- cago. His first story. The Chevalier of Pensieri- Vani, Avas published anonymously, won favor in the eyes of Professors Norton and Lowell, and, on its republication (1892), became popular. In the same year appeared The Chatelaine of La Trinity. Both were remotely romantic. The Cliff Dwellers (1893) was an essay in relentless realism. This picture of Chicago life was fol- lowed by another, With the Procession (1895), kindlier in touch, with humor playing over its seriousness, and Sicilian Romance (1900). He has also written twelve one-act plays collected in The Puppet Booth.

FULLER, LoiE. An American actress, noted for her invention of the 'Serpentine Dance.* She was born near Chicago, and as a child appeared at the Academy of Music there. Subsequently she appeared in a variety of characters (includ- ing Ustane in She) before devoting herself to her specialty. She has in recent years resided chiefly in Paris, where slie has appeared at the Folies-Berg^re, and in 1900 in a theatre of her own.

FULLER, Melville Weston (1833—). An eminent American jurist, a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Staites. He was

bom in Augusta, Me., graduated at Bowdoin Col- lege in 1853, studied at the Harvard Law School, began legal practice at Augusta in 1855, and was also there for a time an associate editor of The Age, a Democratic newspaper. In 1856 he was president of the Augusta Common Council and city attorney, but in the same year resigned his ofiices and established himself at Chicago, 111., where he continued to practice law until 1888. He was a member of the Illinois State Constitu- tional Convention of 1862, and in 1863 sat in the Lower House of the Illinois Legislature. In 1864, 1872, 1876 (when he placed T. A. Hendricks in nomination), and 1880, in which year he with- drew from active politics, he was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention. As a law- yer he attained prominent rank. Among the principal cases argued by him were the Cheney ecclesiastical case, in which he defended C. E. Cheney, a Protestant Episcopal clergyman, and rector of Christ Church, Chicago, against the at- tempted action of an ecclesiastical council, and the Lake-front case, in which he represented the municipality of Chicago. In 1888 he was ap- pointed by President Cleveland Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, to succeed M. R. Waite (q.v.), deceased. His term witnessed an expansion of the Federal powers by means of the decision asserting the implied authority of the Executive to protect the Federal judges on occasions when there is just reason to believe that, while in the exercise of official duties, they are exposed to personal danger. In 1899 he was a member of the Arbitration Commission con- vened at Paris for the adjustment of the Anglo- Venezuelan boundary question. An address by him on Sidney Breese may be found in Breese's Early History of Illinois (1884). The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Harvard in 1891.

FULLER, Richard (1804-76). An American clergyman. He was born in Beaufort, S. C, studied at Harvard, was admitted to the bar, and subsequently entered the Baptist ministry. From 1846 until his death he was pastor of the Seventh Baptist Church in Baltimore. He published Let- ters on the Roman Chancery; Correspondence on Domesiic Slavery ; and Baptism and Communion, Consult Cutlibert, Memoir of Richard Fuller (New York, 1879).

FULLER, Sarah Margaret (Ossoli) (1810- 50). An Anierican critic and essayist, born at Cambridgeport, Mass., May 23, 1810. The eldest of the eight chiklren of Timothy Fuller, a Massa- chusetts hiwyer and politician, she wa.s strenu-. ously educated by her father, by Dr. Park of Boston, and in the Misses Prescott's School at Groton, beginning Latin at six and Greek at thirteen, and ix^rmanently injuring her health by over-application. On the death of her father (1835) sl»e supported her brothers and sisters by public and private teaching in Boston and Providence. She was a frequent guest at Brook Farm, though never sharing its enthusiasms, held intellectual conversations in Boston, con- ducted the Transcendental organ. The Dial (1840-42), made translations from the German, and published in 1844 her first volume. Summer on the flakes, the record of a season of travel in 1843. In December ( 1844) she went to New York as literary critic of the Tribune, taking active part in the philanthropic, literary and artistic