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FULGENTIUS. 533), Bishop of Ruspe, is not to be confused with him.

FULGENTIUS, Saint, of Euspe (468-533). A Latin Christian Father. He was born at Te- lepte, Northern Africa, of senatorial family. He received a good education, and became first proc-^ urator of his province. Disturbed by the turbu- lence of the times, he retired to a monastery near Telepte. Persecution drove the monks elsewhere, and Fulgentius went to Rome in 500. Returning to Africa, he founded a monastery. He was made Bishop of Ruspe in 508. About 510 he was ban- ished, and again in 515, and suffered other perse- cutions from the Vandal King Thrasimund (496- 523 ). On the death of the King he was recalled and passed his later years in peace. He died at Ruspe, January 1, 533, and is commemorated on that day by the Roman Church. Fulgentius was an ardent admirer of monasticism and a rigorous ascetic; he was recognized as one of the ablest defenders of Christianity against Arianism and Pelagianism. His works are in Migne, Patrol. Lat., Ixv. His life by his pupil, Fulgentius Fer- randus (c. 540), is contained in Migne, Patrol. Lat. Ixvii. His letters have been edited by Hur- ler (Innsbruck, 1884). Consult: Mally, Das Lehen des heiligen Fulgentius (Vienna, 1885); Victor, Bishop of Vita, Historia Persecutionis Africanw Provincice (Vienna, 1884), German translation by A. Mally, Verfolgung der afrikan- ischen Kirche diirch die Vandalen (ib., 1884).

FULGURITE, fuFgu-rIt (from Lat. fulgur, lightning, from fulgere, to flash; connected with flagare, to blaze ). A name given to tubes or pipes found in rocks and sands, and formed by the actual fusion of these materials by lightning. Such tubes may have a diameter of from one to two inches at the surface, but as they descend in a vertical or oblique direction they branch and rapidly lessen in size. They are commonly found in such regions as are visited by frequent and violent storms, often on mountain peaks.

FULHAM, fnVam. A metropolitan borough of London, England, formerly a suburban vil- lage, six miles southwest of Saint Paul's Cathe- dral, on the left bank of the Thames, opposite Putney, with which it is connected by two bridges (Map: London, E 6). Its distinction dates from the reign of Henry VIL, when it was chosen as the summer residence of the Bishop of London. The episcopal palace, an extensive brick building, parts of which date from the sixteenth century, stands in fine grounds girded by a moat, one mile in circuit, and there are numerous fine mansions and residences in its neighborhood. The parish church, restored in 1881, with a pic- turesque perpendicular tower of the fourteenth century, contains the tombs of several bishops of London, and other celebrities. The borough main- tains electric lighting, public libraries, baths, hospitals, and charitable institutions. Popula- tion of borough, in 1891, 189,073; in 1901, 249,- 534.

FULK, FULC, or FOULQUES. The name of several counts of Anjou. Fulk II. (938-58), called "the Good," is remembered for his saying that "An illiterate king is a crowned ass." Fulk III., called "the Black" (972-1040), be- came count in 987. He was a successful and in- defatigable warrior, but was renowned chiefly for his repeated pilgrimages to the Holy Land, whith-

er he went as a penance for his many crimes. Fulk V., called "the Young" (1090-1142), be- came count in 1109. In 1129 he went to Jeru- salem to which he had already made one pilgrim- age. Ahnost immediately upon his arrival he married Melisande, the daughter of King Baldwin II. of Jerusalem; in fact, he had been sent for this purpose. In 1131 he succeeded his father-in-law as King, and reigned very successfully until 1143. See L'art de verifier le& dates, vol. ii, (Paris, 1784); Rohricht, Geschichte des Konigreichs Je- rusalem (Innsbruck, 1898).

FULKE, William ( 1538-89). A Puritan con- troversialist. He was born in London, graduated from Cambridge, and began the study of law, but gave it up for theology. He became fellow of his college (Saint John's) in 1564, rector of Warley and Dennington in 1569, and master of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1578. He was a Puritan of the most extreme type and particularly delighted in controversy. He made fierce attacks on the Roman Catholics. His Defense of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English Tongue Against the Cavils of Gregory Martin (1583); Stapleton's Fortress Overthroion (1580); Rejoinder to MartialVs Reply Against the Answer of Martin Calf hill (1580); and Dis- covery of the Dangerous Rock of the Popish Church have been reprinted by the Parker So- ciety, with a memoir (Cambridge, 1843-48).

FULOiER, Andrew (1754-1815). An English Baptist minister, controversial writer, and pro- moter of foreign missions. He was born at Wick- en, Cambridgeshire, February 5, 1754. He re- ceived the rudiments of an education at the free school of Soham, and in 1775 was chosen pastor of the Baptist congregation of that place. In 1782 he removed to Kettering, NoBthamptonshire, to take the pastorate of a congregation there, and re- mained there till his d^ath. May 7, 1815. His first interest in foreign missions was shown in 1784, and his sermon^ The Gospel of Christ Worthy of All Acceptation (Northampton, 1785), greatly impressed Carey, the first Baptist mis- sionary.

When the Baptist Missionary Society was formed at Kettering in 1792, he became its secre- tary, and gave the remainder of his life to its af- fairs. His writings were very popular; they in- clude: The Calvinistic and Socinian Systems Ex- amined and Compared as to Their Moral Tendency (1794); The Gospel Its Own Witness (1799); Expository Discourses on Genesis (1806); An Apology for the Late Christian Mission to India ( 1808 ) . There are several collected editions of his works. For his biography, consult: Rvlands (London, 1816); T. E." Fuller (London, 1863); and A. G. Fuller (London, 1882).

FULLER, Arthur Buckminsteb (1822-62). An American Unitarian clergyman. He was born at Cambridgeport, Mass., graduated at Harvard College in 1843, and studied theology in the Har- vard Divinity School. He was a teacher and jn-eacher in Illinois, and pastor at Manchester, N. H., Boston and Watertown, Mass. He vol- unteered in the Federal Armv in the Civil War, was made champlain in a Massachusetts regi- ment, and at Fredericksburg was killed by a sharpshooter. He was a brother of Margaret Fuller (Marchioness d'Ossoli), and edited sev- eral of her works (1855). Consult: R. E. Fuller (his brother). Life of Arthur B. Fuller (Boston,