Page:NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY 18; CZECHOSLOVAKIA; SCIENCE CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110012-0.pdf/25

 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110012-0

high and low energies is proceeding at a surprising low rate of effort amounting to only about 10% of the total effort. The remaining interests and activities involve plasma physics, quantum electronics, and acoustics.

The major portion of research in solid-state physics is divided between that being conducted at the laboratories of Charles University and the institute of the CSAV. The work being done at the university represents crystal studies on single crystals and crystalline structures in alloys. Primary interest involves the studies of stress variations and strain-rate changes. The most prominent investigator heading those studies is Dr. M. Saxlova. Other activities on a low level at Charles University involve studies of material mechanical properties, field theories, aluminum oxide-structures, X-ray diffraction of solids, cadmium-telluride rectifier characteristics, and electron correlations and susceptibility of glasses.

At the CSAV institutes in Prague and Brno, a considerable effort is devoted to lattice mechanics and the concepts leading to development of semiconductor devices. Although there are indications that some work is being done with germanium structures, silicon materials are being emphasized. This is shown by the research dealing with tunneling spectroscopy induced by local modes and measurements in In-SiO2 degenerated p-silicon junctions. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structures are also being studied to determine the influence of surface treatment of silicon on the effective impurity charge density. The Czechoslovaks are also conducting a large amount of applied research in connection with semiconductor film structures. Recrystallization and crystal structures of evaporated films and thin film properties of metal and liquid films are being studied. Some good research is underway dealing with control of semiconductor-insulator interface characteristics in metal insulator conductor (MIS) systems. A limited amount of research associated with semiconductor materials is being pursued at the College of Chemical Technology at Pardubice which involves germanium-doped (Sb2Te3) crystals. The small amount of research being conducted in magnetics in Czechoslovakia indicates that the Soviets predominance in assignments of the Council for Economic Mutual Assistance is very effective.

Approximately one-half of the research being done in optics, electrooptics, photometry, spectroscopy, and interferometry occurs at the institutes of the CSAV. Investigations are concerned with the study of electrooptical properties of ferroelectrics from the standpoint of birefringence and temperature dependency. Work along this line is also underway in connection with stress-induced birefringence as related to phase transitions in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). Both radio-frequency and solid-state spectroscopy are receiving some attention at the CSAV—the first is being explored to develop instrumentation needed for measurement of electron nuclear double magnetic resonances and the second for development of particle spectrometers. Czechoslovak specialists in the application of spectroscopy appear to be skilled in the use of Auger spectroscopy in their studies of silicon surfaces. Research in photometry is at a low level and shows a casual interest in calibration and photoelectric receivers. The research in interferometry is industry-oriented and involves the use of lasers as a coherent source of light. A limited amount of research, which may be expanded later, is being conducted at the CSAV on optical information storage in potassium chloride and bromide crystals. This latter interest is connected with the development of holographic instruments and techniques.

Czechoslovakia appears to be deemphasizing basic research associated with the nuclear sciences. Since the institutes pursuing research in nuclear physics have undergone reorganization, their activities have been curtailed significantly. At the present time it appears that a limited amount of high-energy research remains under the CSAV, Charles University, and the P.J. Safarik University, Kosice. Much of the research deals with subjects concerning the operation of betatron and accelerator facilities. Some theoretical studies have been reported on pion-nucleon coupling analyses at the CSAV. Some work has been done on the study of noncentral effects of nucleon transfer functions at the CSAV, which indicates that some past work is being reviewed. Models are being formulated that deal with excitation functions and isomer ratios of kaon reactions, with some extension of the subject being earned into studying the interference effects in pionic decay of neural kaons. At Safarikovo University, some contributions have been made in determining particle energies for collisions by using track visualization observed in photographic emulsions. Inelastic scattering by energy radiated from dysprosium isotopes of high-energy deuterons is a subject of research at Charles University. Research in the low-energy phases of nuclear physics is at a low level and generally deals with experimental studies in the use of research reactors.

The remaining sub-branches of physics, those which show very moderate interest and progress, involve magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and plasma, physics

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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110012-0