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 (3) cyn [rad.] 'before' 215 i (i). It is used as a conj. proper, coming immediately before a verb, see examples. In the recent period it is treated as the prep, by having y put after it.

kin bu tav y dan mein B.B. 68 ' before he was silent under stones ' ; kyn bum B.T. 25 ' before I was ' ; gwr a roteigad kyn dybu y dyt w. 2a ' a man who gave battle before his day came ' ; cyn elych s.G. 269.

Dduw I cyn el i ddaear,

A ddaw cof iddi a'i cdr ? B.Br., p. 112/264.

' God ! before he goes to earth will she remember [him] who loves her?'

(4) Ml. W. hyny, yny ' until ' ; Early Mn. W. yni ; Late Mn. W. only onid by confusion with oni v (i) ; and tauto- logically hyd oni.

A humiiw a 8yscawS Dewi hyny vu athro IL.A. 107 'And [it was] he who taught Dewi till he became a doctor ' ; A'r yny 8 a gerSassant hyny Soethant y Eryri W.M. 185 'And they traversed the island till they came to Eryri'; Ac yny agoroch y drws do. 57 'and until you open the door'; ynyveiyn llawn do. 56 ' until it was full'.

Ni ddof oddiwrth nai Ddafydd

Yni ddel y nos yn ddydd. L.G.C. 210.

' I will not come away from David's nephew till night becomes day.' onid oedd yr haul argyrraedd ei gaereuv.cw. 5 ' until the sun was reaching his battlements' i.e. setting; hyd oni Matt, ii 9.

hyny is for hyd ny, and appears in full in CP. : hit ni-ri-tarnher ir did hinnuith f until that day is completed '. hyd ny lit. ' while not ' ; the ' length ' (hyd) of time during which an event is ' not ' (ny) reached is the time ' until ' (hyny) it is reached.

(5) gwedy y, hyd y, etc., see xi.

vii. Concessive : (i) cyd [rad.] ' although ', Ml. W. kyf, ket, ki/Hy cen ; neg. kyn ny, kyny, keny.

kyt keffych hynny W.M. 480 ' though thou get that ' ; ket bei cann wr en vn ty B.A. 12 ' though there might be 100 men in one house ' ; Kyd carhuriv-e nwrva cassaav-e mor B.B. TOO ' though I love the strand I hate the sea '. Cyd byddai nifer meibion Israel fel tywod y mor Rhuf. ix 2 7 ; Cyd bai hirfaith taith or wlad hon yno Gr.O. 1 1 6 ' though a journey from this country thither would be long.' A chyn bei drut hynny B.M. 169 ' And though that was a brave [fight] ' ; A chyn bo W.M. 62. a chyn-nyt ymoialwyf a thiw.JA. 2 ' and though I may not avenge myself on thee ' ; kyn-ny bwyf arglwySes, mi a wnn beth yw hynny do. 5 1 ' though I am not a lady, I know what