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 to end. For examples see 166 ii (3). A trace of a wider use survives in awr py awr R.B.B. 107 ' [from] hour to hour'.

pw : Ir. co ' to '. Initial gemination after the latter is secondary, according to Thurneysen, Gr. 456, who compares O.Bulg. M 'to' (< *qom : Skr. kdm after the dative). The Kelt, form would be *q*o; this may be the pron.-stem *q*o-, seen in e-grade in *q v e 'and ' (Lat. -que, Gk. re, etc.) : Lat. us-que < *ud-s ' out ' + *q*e ' to *.

v. eithr [rad.] ' without, except ', 99 v (4), is used before verbal nouns, as eitJifr bot yn well kyweirdeb y bwyt W.M. 227 ' except that the preparation of the food was better ' ; hence it came chiefly to be used as a conjunction. But it occurs also before nouns and pronominalia : eitJifr mob C.M. 2 'beyond measure'; eithfr y rei a oefynt W.M. 227 'except the ones who

were '.

Eithr Morfudd ni'm dihudd dyn. D.G. 51. ' Except Morfudd no one will appease me.'

vi. O.W. ithr M.C. ' between ' seems to occur only once ; it was obsolete in Ml. W.

ithr, Corn, inter, yntre, Bret, entre, Ir. etar, eter : Lat. inter, Skr. antdr.

ys, es [rad.], Ml. W. ys c for. . . past ' is used before a noun denoting a period of time, er ys with a past verb : yr ys pell o amser R.M. 130 ' [I came] a long time ago ', cf. IL.A. 106, 107; er ys mis W.IL. G. 293 ' for a month past ' ; contracted er’s.

Ys guers y8 wyfyn keissaw a olchei vyg cleyfv?M. 487 'for some time I have been seeking one who would burnish my sword.'

Ofnus fyth fu'r fynwes fau Es deufis hyd nos Difiau. G.G1. p 103/193. ' My heart was constantly afraid for two months till Thursday night.'

ys ' for the space of, perhaps < *en-s : Gk. ts, 215 iii (i). If oed W.M. 123 1. 2 (omitted in B.M. 197) is oe8 'was 'for yr ys P 14/185 it shows ys taken for ' is ', cf. Bret, zo, Fr. il y a ; but yr ys is old, and implies ys prep.

viii. Ml. W. annat [rad.] ' before, in preference to ' is used before neb, dim, and other expressions in which 'any' is expressed or implied. In Ml. W. yn began to be used before it ; and in Mn. W. it became yn anad,, the nn being simplified owing to the word being unaccented, cf. canys 222 iv (i) : yn anad neb.