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 from every man ', became gan already in Ml. W., as attep ny chavas ef genfhi hi W.M. 10 'he got no reply from her' ; Mn. W. gan ' from '.

(3) genhiw ( = genhyf) B.B. 101 ' with me', genhyf W.M. 55, gennyf do. 1 8, genhid B.B. 10, gennyt W.M. n, ganthaw do. 9, genthi do. 10, 15, genti do. 28, y gennym do. 12 'from us', genhwch do. 57 'with you', gennwch ib., B.M. 40, S.G. 92, ganthut (-t = -S) M.A. i 258, gantu W.M. 57, ganthunt B.T. 65, W.M. 16, s.G. i, gantunt HJ.A. 69.

There is also in Early Ml. verse what appears to be a 3rd pi. genhyn B.T. 13 (twice), 15, 1 6 (twice), 17, 77, nyd ant y kenhin B.B. 49 ' they will not go back ' ; also a form y genhyS B.T. 75, in an obscure passage.

(4) gan with the verb ' to be ' expresses ' have ' : y mae gennyf ' there is with me ', i.e. I have, y mae gennyt ' thou hast', etc. ; nid oes gennyf f I have not ', etc.

(5) On gennif, gennit, wrthif, ivrthit, see 77 iv.

iii. (i) wrth: sg i. wrthyf W.M. 10; 2. wrthyt ib. ; 3. m. icrthaw do. 2 ; f. wrthi do. 10 ; pi. i. w-rihym IL.A. 155 ; 2. wrthywch W.M. 39; 3. wrthu IL.A. 113, wrtkunt do. 119.

(2) O.W. gurt paup ox. ' against everybody ', gl. consistes. gurthdo Juv., gl. obstitit, seems to be a verb, 193 v (3).

Ml. W. y wrtk ' from beside ', as yicrthywch ac yrvrth ych tei IL.A. 157 ' from you and from your houses', Mn. W. ocldi wrth, oddi wrthyf y etc. ; Ml. W. y wrth also means ' compared with ', W.M. n, Mn. W. wrth B.CW. 5 ' compared with'.

(i) gan, O.W. cant (Corn, gans, Bret, gant, Ir. prefix oet-, ceta-) has the meanings of *kom, of which it is a derivative. Thus cann < cant < Brit. *kanta < Ar. *km-ta = Gk. Kara < *km-ta. The pronoun suffixed affected the a ; it may have been abl. *ml(d) = Lat. me(d), or possibly a loc. *moi which as a mere suffix would become *-im. So for the 2nd sg. The first and 2nd pi. are prob. analogical. The affection of a before a labial became ^, 69 ii (4) ; hence gennyf, gennym, gennywch, which caused the sg. 2. to follow; thus the distinction kept in Corn, between genef and worthy/ (similarly in Bret.) is lost in W. Between vowels -nt- > -nnh- > -nn- regularly. In the 3rd pers. *do is used, as after other prepositions, taking of course the same case ; hence *cant-8aw > ganthaw or gantaw, so for f. and pi. The 3rd pi. genhyn, with verbal -n (add.d to the apparent stem genhy- ?).

wrth, O.W. gurt(h), Corn, worth, arth, Bret, ouz, oz, implies some such form as *uerto 66 iii (i); Ir. frith 'against' < *urt- :