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 (4) am<*inbhi 156 i (4); amddn- formed like oddn- above.

o ' from, of, Corn, a, Bret, a < Brit. *a < Ar. *apo : Gk. aTTo, Lat. ab, dbs, Skr. dpa. The Bret, and Corn, a imply Brit, unacc. *a; the form a survived in Ml. W. in phrases of the form truan a beth lit. ' a wretched of a thing ', in which the ordinary o is substituted for it in Mn. W. ; see 71 i (2). Ml. W. oc, occurring only before eu, is due to the analogy of ac 160 iv (2), 213 iii (i) ; in Bret. Van. the analogy is carried a little further, Loth Voc. 28.—Bret, ac'h 'from' (ac'h Alre ounn ginidik 'je suis natif d'Auray', Troude), W. ach 'off, by' as in ach y law W.M. 472 'beside him'< *aks < *aps : Lat. dbs, Gk. jty. W. dhan- for ahan-, Corn, ahdn-, Bret, dhan-, ac'han-, from *ap-sand 'away from'; *sand<*s 6 nd : Lat. sine, Skr. sanitur 156 ii (3). The 2nd sg. ohonawt implies an accent on the -a : *ap-sana-te. The 3rd pi. ona8u (Bret, aneze, Corn. anedJie) seems to imply a simpler form, not a contraction of *ohona8- (of which there is no trace in W., Corn, or Bret.), possibly *po-na : cf. O.H.G. fona<*pu-na. The a- was generalized in Bret., Corn., and the o- in "W., where it intruded into the second syll., and even the third, causing a confusion of conjugations.

210. Second Conjugation. i. To this belong rJiag ' before ' ; heb ' (past) by, without ' ; yu ' in ' ; trwy ' through ' ; tros ' over ' ; er, Ml. W. yr ' for ' ; rJiwng ' between ' ; uwcTi ' above ' ; is ' below '.

ii. rhag ' before ', Ml. W. rac, is conjugated as follows :

Ml. W. Mn. W.

sg. pi.

1. raff of i. ragom

2. raff of, 2 ragoch

q. m. racbaw f racbu Q j

f. racbi ( racbunt

adv. racko.raccw

sg. pi.

1. rMffof I. rhagom,

2. rhdgod, -t 2. rhdgocli

3. m. rhdgddo irhdgddunt f. rhdgddi \ -ddynt

adv. rhdco, dew ' yonder '

ragof W.M. 4, ragot ib., racSaw do. 9, rac&i S.G. 63, recSi w.M. 423, rogSaw do. 444, roc8i A.L. i 452, 516, 522, ragom B.B. 29, ragoch R.M. 1 29, rac8u W.M. 53, K.M. 37, C.M. 37, IL.A. in, racSunt W.M. 86 ; racko W.M. 251, racco E.M. 8, raccw A.L. i 112 (MS.C. i3th cent.), Mn. W. rakw P 54/269 B., rhaco L.G.C. 32, usually acw do. 83 ; forms with -o- : Gwentian rhog (accented) H.G. 3, 70, rog8o I.F. P 83/66 ; S.AV. dial. oco. O.W. sg. 3. m. racdam JUV. gl. sibi.

iii. heb ' (past) by ; without ' : sg. i hebof, 3. m. hebbaw, Mn. hebddo, f. hebbi ; pi. i. hebom, $. hebbunt ', adv. heibyaw, heibaw, Mn. heibio c past '.