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326 ‘sinned’, guiscvis do. 43 ‘wore’, treulwys 9 ‘spent’, cyrchwys ib. ‘made for’, meẟylẏwys do. 10 ‘thought’, diffy&shy;gẏwys do. 12 ‘failed’, trigẏwys 92 ‘resided’, gallwys do. 108 ‘could’, mynnwys. 200 ‘desired’. It was simpli&shy;fied early to ‑ws § 78 i (2), as bendigus 36 ‘blessed’, ffruin&shy;cluymus (read ‑clymus) do. 93; cerẟws 14/6. (mid-13th cent.) ‘walked’, claẟws 14/14. ‘buried’, kemerrws 29/31. ‘took’. The form ‑w͡ys dis&shy;appeared, but ‑ws is sometimes met with in Mn. lit. W., and became the usual ending in parts of S.W.


 * Hadlyd liw hudol o dlws,
 * Hudolion a’i hadeilws.—D.G. 447.

‘Perished colour enchantingly beautiful, it is enchanters that built it.’

‑t in t-aorists, see iii (1).

(1) The above are strictly stem-forming suffixes, with no personal ending, added to the pres. stem. The 1st sg. has ‑as affected to ‑eis; the 2nd sg. has the same with added ‑t; the pl. has a similar suffix, which takes three forms, to which the personal endings ‑am, ‑awch, ‑ant are added. The forms of the suffix are Ml. W. ‑ass‑, ‑yss- and ‑ss‑, Mn. W. ‑as‑, ‑s‑.

‑ass- and ‑yss- are not sharply distinguished: thus dywedassam. 44 = dywedys&shy;sam 61 ‘we mentioned’, collassam. 52 = collyssam. 72 ‘we have lost’, cilẏassant, torras&shy;sant. 36 = cẏlyssant, torrys&shy;sant. 52 ‘they retreated, they broke’. Both forms occur through&shy;out the Ml. period, ‑ass- encroach&shy;ing in later. as the examples show. Later ‑yss- dis&shy;appeared, and in Late Mn. W. ‑as- alone is used.

‑s(s)- is used after ‑l- and ‑r- and after the diphthongs ‑aw‑, ‑yw‑, ‑eu‑: gwelsom. 50, . 35 ‘we saw’, cymersant 169 (= cymeras&shy;sant . 235) ‘they took’, adcors&shy;sant. 46 ‘they returned’, ymadaws&shy;sam. ii 292, Ỻ.A. 148 ‘we left’, clywssont 33 ‘they heard’, dechreus&shy;sant do. 41, 72 ‘they began’, beside dechreuys&shy;sant 44. In Mn. W. it is regularly found in gwelsom, and always after ‑aw- as gwran&shy;dawsom; sometimes in other cases, as talsom, cymersom. In the dialects the ‑s- form became general.

Beside the usual ‑am, ‑awch, ‑ant in Ml. W., ‑om and ‑ont are often found, and are specially frequent in the .; ‑och is very rare: doethoch. 161 (= doethawch . 228) ‘ye came’. In Mn. lit. W. ‑om, ‑och, ‑ant are the usual endings. In the spoken lang. mostly ‑on, ‑och, on’.

In the old poetry there are traces of the 3rd sg. ending ‑id, as in the pres. § 173 vi (1), as delẏessit Ieuan … vab Duw … yn dwfɏr echwyẟ 1184 ‘John held the Son of God in the water of baptism’ (the context shows that it is not impers. plup.), prinessit (read prynessit) ib.; also ‑yd, as keressyt. 1168, pregethys&shy;sit (/kyt) 54.

(1) A 3rd sg. ending ‑t added to the pres. stem is found in some verbs, as cant. i,. 120, . 196 ‘sang’ (not cânt as wrongly assumed by some recent copyists), gwant. 81, . 111 ‘pierced’; *‑er‑t- regularly becomes ‑yrth § 65 iii (2), hence diffirth, kymirth. 40