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308 beside pob peth ‘every&shy;thing’; pobman beside pob man ‘every place’; poparth 234 beside pob parth ‘every part’; o boptu besides o bob tu ‘on each side’.

pob un, pob rhyw § 165 iv, pob cyfryw ‘every such’, as pob cyfryw' orfoledd Iago iv 16 ‘all such rejoicing’. But ordinari&shy;ly pob cyfryw means ‘every’ emphatic, ‘all manner of’, the cyf- having the intensive meaning § 156 i (9) (b). It is followed by o ‘of’ after pob (not by ag- ‘as’ after cyf‑, so that the cyf- is not compar&shy;ative).

pob kyfryw ẟyn eithɏr Awt 1245 ‘every single person but Awd’. Yr r͑ei hynn oeẟ gyfrwys … ym pob kyvryw arveu 10 ‘these were skilful in all manner of arms’. Pa le i mae Christ? Ymhob cyfriw le 319 ‘Where is Christ? In every single place’. Pob cyfriw beth coll. ‘every single thing’.—o bop kyfryw vwydeu o’r a rybuchei ehun 10 ‘of all viands which (lit. of those which) he himself desired’. Cf. 8, 50.

pawb, Ir. cāch, gen. cāich < Kelt. *q$u̯$āq$u̯$os; the second element is probably the interr. and indef. *q$u̯$os and the first, *q$u̯$ā‑, an adverbial form of the same (Thur&shy;neysen Gr. 293).

pob, Ir. cach is the same, with the vowel shortened before the accent, which fell on the noun. The shorten&shy;ing is in&shy;dependent in W. and Ir.; the W. o (like aw) implies Brit, ‑ā‑, § 71 i (2). Similarly Bret. pep < *peup with *eu < ‑ā‑. The Ir. cech is an ana&shy;logical formation; see Thur&shy;neysen ibid.

(1) Adj. yr holl [soft] ‘all the’, fy holl [soft], etc., ‘all my’. Before a definite noun the article or its equi&shy;valent is omitted: holl Gymry 340 ‘all Wales’; holl lyssoeẟ y ẟayar  6 ‘all the courts of the earth’ (lyssoeẟ being made definite by the dependent gen.).