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§ 166 by dissim. for *aláli̯os § 102 iii (2); pl. ereill < *aráli̯ī; see § 100 iii (2), (3).—Note the contrast&shy;ed accentu&shy;ation *ál(a)li̯os > *eill ‘one’: *aláli̯os > arall ‘other’.—un ‘one’ § 75 ii (1).—rhyw < *rii̯ó‑; rhai < *rii̯ī́ § 75 v; *rii̯o- < *pri‑o- = ‑prio- in Lat. proprius: Lat. prīvus, Umbr. prever ‘singulis’, preve ‘singil&shy;lariter’. Osc. preivatud ‘privato. reo’ (the ‑v- in these is a suff.); the orig. meaning is ‘proper, partic&shy;ular’; rhyw ẟyn ‘a partic&shy;ular man’; rhyw i ‘proper to…, natural to…’; rhyw ‘a partic&shy;ular kind’; etc.; *pri‑o- may be an adj. derived from the prep. *pri (: *prei, *prai) ‘before’ (‘prominent’ > ‘character&shy;istic’), spv. Lat. prīmus.

i. ‘Each other’ is expressed by pawb i gilydd or pob un i gilydd, literally ‘each his fellow’ or ‘each one his fellow’.

In the 15th century pawb or pob un came to be omitted, and i gilydd alone thus came to mean ‘each other’.


 * Ni a gawn drwy flaenau’r gwŷdd
 * Roi golwg ar i gilydd.—Gut.O., 14997/15.

‘We shall see each other through the branches of the trees.’ Ni a ddylem garu i gilydd 25 ‘we ought to love one another’.

In the familiar Salesburian orthography i gilydd is of course ei gilydd ‘his fellow’. As the ante&shy;cedent is generally pl., the i was mistaken in the spoken lang. for i ‘their’ (written eu); and after the 1st and 2nd pl. ỿn and ỿch are sub&shy;stituted for it on the analogy of the construc&shy;tion of hun ‘self’; thus in the recent period ein, eich, eu are written before gilydd, which owes its g- to the fact that the pron. before it was the 3rd sg. m. i ‘his’.

Wm.S. and Dr. M. sometimes misspell the pron. as eu (Salesbury often confuses his own invention ei with eu; the spoken form of both was i then as now). In the 1620 Bible the 3rd sg. m. pron. is correctly written in the orthog&shy;raphy adopted in it: ar garu o honoch ei gilydd Ioan xiii 34; os bydd gennych gariad i’w gilydd do. 35; Byddwch yn vn-fryd â’i gilydd Rhuf. xii 16; Anher&shy;chwch ei gilydd 1 Petr v 14; Anwylyd carwn ei gilydd 1 Ioan iv 7, see 11, 12. In Rh