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110 Ml. W. ysgawn > S.W. ysgon, also ysgafn, Mn. W. and N. W. ysgafn, Ml. W. ysgwn § 101 iv (3).

(1) After the prefixes *ko&#8209;, *to&#8209;, *do&#8209;, *ro- an initial u̯- was heterosyllabic, and the o of the prefix becomes ỿ regularly § 65 iv (2), as in cỿ-wir ib., tỿ-wysog ‘prince’, dỿ-wedaf § 194 ‘I say’, rhỿ-wynt ‘hurricane’.

The vowel also develops regularly before gu̯, as in tew ‘thick’, Ir. tiug < *tegu̯&#8209;: E. thick; cf. ii (2).

(1) iu̯ and īu̯ occurred as V- and R-grades of ei̯eu̯, ei̯ēu̯, etc.; Kelt. īu̯ also < Ar. ēu̯. The i or ī appears regularly in W. as y or i. Thus byw ‘live’ < ɡ$u̯$iu̯- § 63 vii (3);—W. lliw < *līu̯&#8209;: Lat. līvor.

īu̯o gives W. üo or üa (§ 65 v (1)); thus W. buan ‘quick’ < Brit. *bīu̯o-no&#8209;s § 63 vii (3);—W. hual ‘shackle’ for *ffual < *fīu̯ol < Lat. fībula;—original īo > īu̯o > üo as in lluossawc § 75 iii (3).

i. In Late Ml. W. ɥ, when short, became i before g (then written c) or ng. Thus in the unaccented ultima in Late Ml. W. we generally find ic, sometimes ing, as tebic 122, 129, 142,  164, 213, etc.; meddic  141,  113, 212, 306,  1298; kyving  110 (but kyvyng  46, 465,  32). Such words are rhymed by the bards with monosyllables having i (not ɥ):


 * Ond dychmygion dynion 
 * A cham oedd pob dychymig.—D.G. 22; see 246.

‘[They were] but jealous men’s fancies, and every fancy was false.’


 * Rhinwedd mab Ieuan feddig
 * Ar dy rudd fal aur a —L.G.C. 348.

‘The virtue of Ab Ieuan the physician will dwell as gold on thy cheek.’


 * A’i  yn debig i dân.—D.E.,  125.

‘And its tips like fire.’—To a woman’s hair. See 133, and D.G., 27, 285. See tebig / diwig / cerrig / llewig / rhyfig, etc. E.P. 283.

In a monosyllable before g the vowel is long, § 51 iii, and therefore remains ɥ, as in plŷg ‘fold’, crŷg ‘hoarse’ see plyc 89,  65; but before ng it is short, § 51 ii, hence ing ‘anguish’, which is for ɥng  1286, 1407; cf. the derivative ỿg̃der 119.

The only words in which the vowel is sounded ɥ in the unaccented ult. are compounds of plyg, cryg etc., as dyblyg D.G. 258, (g)w͡yrblyg 255, ogryg 244, deuẟyblyc Ỻ.A. 68; also the 3rd sing. pres. ind. of