Page:Morris-Jones Welsh Grammar 0106.png

106 ‘young of an animal’ < *kóui̯ō pl. cywi̯on < *kóui̯ones, see v (6);—distrywi̯af < *dī-stróui̯a-mi, v (2);—llywiaf ‘I steer’: llyw ‘rudder’ ib.

Where it remained a diphthong before a consonant iii (4), its affected form is eu; thus ceuri 94/179  ‘giants’ now ceiri (in Tre’r Ceiri, etc.) by § 77 ix, pl. of cawr; the usual pl. cewri  441, Ỻ.. 44 is a re-formation;—W. beudy < Brit. *bou̯i-tigos, a later formation than *boukoli̯os ii (1) (cf. Lat. nāufragus, later nāvi-fragus);—Ml. W. Meuruc § 77 viii < Mauricius, Ml. W. cyngheussaeth < *con-caus&#8209;i̯&#8209;act&#8209;: cyngaws ‘lawsuit’ < Lat. causa.

ā́u̯i̯ became ā́i̯, giving w͡y § 75 i (3); as andwyo ‘to mar, spoil’ met. for *ad-nwy-o < *ati-nāu̯&#8209;i̯&#8209;, niwed ‘injury’ for *nwyet § 78 iv < nā́u̯-i̯at- < *nōu̯&#8209;i̯&#8209;: Lith. novýti ‘to afflict’ < *nōu̯ī&#8209;.

In the present  the diphthong, when affected, takes various forms, as follows:

The ordinary affection is Ml. W. eu, Mn. W. au; this occurs:

1 . Before unaccented &#8209;ī; as dau ‘two’ m., Ml. deu, O. W. dou < *dóu̯ī < Ar. *duu̯ō(u̯): Gk. δύω, δύο, Lat. duo, Skr. duvā́(u);—W. tau ‘is silent’ < *tou̯īt < * (s)tup-ēit, beside taw ‘be silent!’ < *tóu̯e;—W. cenau ‘whelp’ < *kanóuī < *kanóu̯ō: Ir. cana: from *k(u̯)ₑn&#8209;: Lat. canis.

2. Before accented ĭ; as W. teneu ‘thin’ (Corn. tanow, Bret. tanao) < *tanouís < *tₑnuu̯ís: Lat. tenuis, Skr. tanúḥ f. tanvī́.

3. Before a consonant; as W. haul ‘sun’ < Brit. *sau’li̯ós < *sāu̯eli̯ós: Gk. ἠέλιος, ἥλιος, Dor. ᾱ̓έλιος Lith. sáulė, Skr. sū́rya&#8209;ḥ, Lat. sōl < *sāuol < *sāuel. (´&#8209;li̯- would have given W. II; hence we assume Brit. &#8209;li´&#8209;; see also § 113 i (5).)

Ml. W. eur, Mn. W. aur ‘gold’ cannot be from aurum which gave Ml. aur (≡ awr), and Bret. aour. The Mn. W. aur, Ml. eur represents the adj. *auri̯os for aureus, which spread from expressions like modrwy aur ‘gold(en) ring’, etc. The noun is seen in ef guisgus aur (u ≡ w) 38 ‘he wore gold’.

¶ The above is the ordinary affected form, which is used e.g. in the