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§§ 74, 75 i. (1) In Brit. ā was shortened when unaccented. Thus W. pechadur ‘sinner’ < *peccătṓr- < Lat. acc. peccātōr-em beside pechod ‘sin’ < peccā́tum;—W. meitin ‘morning’ < *meid-din < *matū-tī́n- < Lat. mātūtī́num;—W. agw͡yẟawr for *afgw͡yẟawr < Lat. ābēcēdā́rium;—W. Madrun < Lat. mātrṓna beside modryẟ ‘aunt’ < Kelt. *mā́traq$u̯$ī;—W. ceiliagw͡ydd ‘gander’, Ml. W. keẏlẏacuyt i 280 < *kali̯ako-géidos beside ceiliog ‘cock’ < *kali̯ā́kos;—W. paratói ‘to prepare’, § 201 iii (5), beside parod ‘ready’ < Lat. parā́tus, etc., etc.

It is seen in the above examples that other long vowels remained long when unaccented; and that ī and ū need not have been accented to cause affection of a preceding vowel.

i. (1) Ar. ai remained in Kelt. It appears in Ir. as āi, āe, in Gaul. as ai or e. Before a consonant it appears in O. W. as oi, and in Ml. and Mn. W. as oe (oɥ) § 29. Thus W. coeg ‘empty’ (as a nut without a kernel), coeg-ddall ‘purblind’, Ir. Rh