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60 :Echrỿ́s-haint, och, wir Iesu!
 * Ddyfod i Iâl Ddíf-i̯au du.—T.A., . 235.

‘A dreadful plague, Oh true Jesus! that black Thursday should have visited Yale.’ See § 214 vii, ex. 2.

Both accentuations are exemplified in—


 * Bûm i’r gog swyddog Dduw Sū́l;
 * Wy’ ddí-swydd, a hyn Ddúw-sul.—T.A., 14976/108.

‘I was an officer of the cuckoo on Sunday; I am without office, and this on Sunday.’ (Gwas y gog ‘the cuckoo’s servant’ is the hedge-sparrow.)

A numeral and its noun, as déu-bwys ‘2 lbs.’, dẃy-bunt ‘£2’, cán-punt ‘£100’, etc. Cf. E. twopence, etc. Though the order is the same here as in proper compounds, and the mutation is no criterion, it is certain that most of these are improper compounds. In the case of un, proper and improper compounds can be distinguished: ún-ben ‘monarch’ is a proper compound, the second element having the soft initial, but ún-peth is precisely the combination ū́n pḗth ‘one thing’ under a single accent.

(6) The demonstrative adjective after nouns of time. See § 164 iii.

Very rarely the article with its noun, as in È-fenéchtyd for ỿ Fenechtyd ‘the monastery’, in which the article, taken as part of the word, acquired a secondary accent.

Improper compounds accented on the ultima consist of—

(1) A few combinations of two monosyllabic nouns, of which the second is a dependent genitive and the first has lost its accent; as pen-rháith ‘autocrat’, pen-llā́d ‘summum bonum’, prỿ-nháwn for pryt nawn.


 * Yr eog, rhýwi̯og ben-rháith,
 * At Wén dos eto ún-w̯aith.—D.G. 148.

‘Thou salmon, gentle master, go to Gwen once more.’


 * A’m cérydd mawr i’m cári̯ad,
 * Ac na’th gawn yn lláwn ben-llā́d.—D.G. 513.

‘And my great punishment for my love, and that I might not have thee as my whole delight.’

(2) A number of place-names of similar formation, as Pen-tɥ́rch.

.—(1) From this and the preceding section it is seen that accentuation does not always accord with the formation of words. A loose compound is etymologically a compound, but its elements are accented as separate words. An improper compound is etymologically a combination of separate words accented as one word. The accentuation of improper compounds is to be accounted for thus: in O. W. we may assume that gwr da, Aber Maw, Pen ỿ berth were originally accented as they would be if they were formed now, with the main