Page:Mongolia, the Tangut country, and the solitudes of northern Tibet vol 1 (1876).djvu/347

  of Benjamin, or cream of tartar with Crim Tartary. Somewhat in like manner we have come to call various chains of mountains in India the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and so forth; and I have seen it stated in a geography-book that Ghat means mountain. But Ghât really means a Pass. The plateau above and the plain below those passes were respectively known to the Mahommedan rulers as Bâlâ-ghât and Pâyin-ghât, 'Above the passes' and 'Below the passes.' Hence the Portuguese, and after them the English, attached the idea of mountain range to the word Ghat.—[Y.]

This is the word used by our author for those ordinary 'incarnate' Lamas whom Huc calls Chaberons. The word is Mongol, and we find it thus explained in Kovalefsky's Dictionary:'' 'Gheghen. . . éclat, splendeur;. . . brillant. . . personne venerable; titre honoraire d'un grave personnage'  Gegen Khutuktu'' is one of the formal titles of the Great Lama at Urga spoken of in the text. —[Y.]