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14 If the flat surface in fig. 3 forms one of the series of vanes round the rim of a wheel, it will move away from the jet with a certain velocity which is some fraction of the velocity of the jet. Calling this fraction

Fig. 3

$1/undefined$ the vane velocity is the jet velocity divided by x; thus--


 * V (the jet velocity) × $1/x$=$V/x$ (the vane velocity)

Fig. 4

It is evident that in this case the velocity of the jet will not be completely destroyed, as it is still able to follow the vane up (see fig. 4). The charge of velocity of the jet is therefore only V-$V,/x$ and the