Page:Mind (New Series) Volume 8.djvu/294

 280 PHILOSOPHICAL PEEIODICALS. pain, 0. The high percentage of olfactory images is noticeable. No evidence is brought for the existence of the emotive type : the single instance offered tells directly against it. There follow an analysis of the writer's word imagery, and a historical note on the literature. A final section criticises the questionnaire method ; emphasises the value of imagery, as our means of realising meaning in symbols (words), and as a source of pleasure in reading poetry ; and raises the questions of image training, and of discrimination of mental types.] AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY. Vol. x., No. 1. L. W. Kline. ' The Migratory Impulse v. Love of Home.' [A good, but unnecessarily long paper. Introduction : factors of psychical differentiation are those inherent in the life-principle, and the cosmic and social. Example : relations of life to temperature shown by experiments on tadpoles. Questionnaire returns ; attunement of life to cosmic and social forces has led to a rhythmisation of the life processes. Chapter i., Migration of Animals. Summary of observations and theories. Chapter ii., Migra- tions of Primitive Man. Ethnological views : illustrations of planomania. Eesults : animal migration is determined by the procreative function, modified by cosmic forces ; human migration by more complex condi- tions, climatology and the cosmic periodicities of the procreative func- tion playing a large part. Chapter iii., Love of Home. Elements analysed from questionnaire returns. Conclusion : the migrant is cosmopolitan, variously interested, plunged in daring and speculative pursuits ; the lover of home is provincial, plodding, timid, conservative.] E. A. McC. Gamble. 'The Applicability of Weber's Law to Smell.' [A strong piece of work, whose condensation and reserve contrast favourably with the foregoing. Work upon thirteen subjects, with thirteen liquids and seventeen solids, by Zwaardemaker's olfactometric method : measure is amount of odorous surface exposed, time of ex- posure may be disregarded, diffusion-rate of vapour is under control, subject's breathing is self-regulating. Method of just noticeable differ- ences employed, and tested by minimal changes and right and wrong cases. Constant errors : adhesion, exhaustion, movement, unmeasured increment of stimulus. Results : the difference limen was in 36 per cent, and in 26 per cent, of all determinations. It was in 12 per cent., i in 12 per cent., more than in 5 per cent., and no less than  hi 9 per cent. It follows that the law applies to smell, and that the differ- ence limen lies between and ^.] E. B. Titchener. ' Minor Studies from the Psychological Laboratory of Cornell University,' xvn. I>. R. Major. ' Cutaneous Perception of Form.' [Work with open angles, triangles, circles ; filled triangles and circles. Surfaces tested tip of tongue, tip of finger, lips rank in that order. Open circle is most easily, filled circle least easily cognised. Liminal open circle has a diameter of about 2 mm.] Psychological Literature. Correspondence. [Lukens on E. Gates' Laboratory.] Notes and News. REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE. January, 1899. F. Ie Dantec. 'Les Ne'o- Darwiniens et 1'herddite des caracteres acquis.' [A long article passing in review the various theories of human generation which have been pro- pounded. Those of Buffon, Darwin and Weismann are condemned as being lineal descendants of the old encasement theory. The writer supports the hypothesis advanced by the bio-chemical school.] E. Boirac. 'Les Phenomenes Cryptoides.' [The central postulate of human science is that things exist in order to be known. Up to Des- cartes' time it was generally held that the senses are adequate to give us a complete knowledge of things. This belief is not yet dead. We still re- gard 'phenomenon' as synonymous with 'natural fact' or 'event'. Science,