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 PHILOSOPHICAL PERIODICALS. 439 depends on the plausibility of the form or order in which they present their data. The first is treated under the headings Empiricism and nationalism, in an interesting paper, continued in the March number.] B. Brunhes. ' L'EVolutionisme et le principe de Carnot.'' [How is the principle of the conservation of energy to be reconciled with evolutionism with the principle of Carnot, i.e., " The principle of the degradation of energy " ?] A. Spir. ' Nouvelles Esquisses de philosophic critique (sixieme article, suite) : Essai sur les fondements de la religion et de la morale.' [Keligion is the love of God ; to love God is to love the good and true, etc., etc. Spinoza's amor intellectualis dei occurs to a reader of this article.] Discussions, etc. 5 e Annee, No. 2. Mars, 1897. J.-J. Gourd. ' Les trois dialec- tiques (n.) La dialectique pratique.' -[Treated under heads of : (a) La morale du bonheur. (6) La morale du bien. (c) La morale de Vobliga- tion. (a) The very nature of pleasure creates a fatal obstacle in the way of eudaemonistic morality. (6) This, too, is shown to be unsatisfactory, (c) The nature of obligation is discussed. A final section states the relation between moral and theoretical dialectic.] G. S&ulles. ' Les philosophies de la liberte.' [Commences with an his- torical survey, from Aristotle onwards, of the relation of the problem of Free Will to philosophy in general : evidencing a full acquaintance on the writer's part with the ancient Greek and Latin philosophers.] Criton. ' Cinquieme dialogue philosophique entre Eudoxe et Ariste.' [The dia- logue starts with the consideration of Reason itself, apart from its application to things.] E*tudes critiques, etc. REVUE NEO-SCOLASTIQUE. No. IB. M. La Jour (' L'Admiration ') maintains that admiration is a state of consciousness awakened by an exhibition of will power, or of the control exercised over matter by a power of organisation or direction. He endeavours to make good this definition by an analysis of the various objects of admiration, physical force, agility, beauty, grace, address, etc. M. Hallez (' La vue et les couleurs ') commences a series of articles on eight colours. In the present article, after discoursing on uniform, varied, simple and com- posite colours, and the principles which regulate the formation of composite colours, he institutes a quantitative analysis of composite colours, discusses the geometrical synthesis of colours, and sets forth the ancient theories on colour. S. Thomas, following Aristotle, had defined time as ' numerus motus secundum prius et posterius'. M. Nys (' La notion de temps d'apres saint Thomas d'Aquin ') asserts that this definition, properly understood, presents the true notion of time, and maintains that time consists of two elements, of which numerus is the formal and motus is the material element. Since, however, move- ment becomes formally and actually number only by means of an intellectual act which divides the continuous, M. Nys is of opinion that time and movement are ontologicall;/ identical, and that the distinction between them is purely logical. M. de Baets (' Une question touchant le droit de pumr') endeavours to show that society, in punishing crime, ought to have in view the restoration of the moral order which has been disturbed by crime, not, indeed, the restoration of the moral order con- sidered absolutely, for moral fault as such, or considered precisely as a violation of duty, does not fall within the competence of society, but the restoration of the social moral order. M. Mercier ('Discussion de la thorie des trois veritos primitives') undertakes to prove that this theory is of little value as against modern scepticism. M. Mercier even questions its value as against the old-fashioned forms of scepticism, and