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122 ). In the same paragraph, in the sentence "Out of marriage has disappeared the love, which is merely subjective," the comma should be omitted ; else the words may convey a more cynical sense than Hegel intended. P. 171 (§ 164), "Letters of an Unknown". The German is Briefe eines Ungenannten. not Unbekannten. The titles of books are translated and left untranslated in most capricious fashion. On p. 267 (footnote) the name of a book of Laplace's is given in German. Montesquieu's famous work is called "The Spirit of the Laws" (p. 249). On p. 182 we find "Cicero in his Officiis". (The German scholar will know why.) On p. 217 we have "Herr von Haller's 'Restoration of Political Science,' " but on p. 243 "Mr. v. Haller's ' Eestauration der Staatswissenschaft'". P. 193 (§ 189), "political science" should be "political economy". Staatsoekonomie is only a part of Staatswissen-schaft. P. 207 (§ 211), "England's land-law or common-law " is American journalist's English at the best, but it is also wrong. Englands Landrecht means simply "English law," the law of the country. P. 212 (§ 215), "Law as incorporated" is an odd rendering of Das Daseyn des Gesetzes, and is not noted in the index under Daseyn. P. 213, "To require of a statute-book that it should be absolutely finished, and incapable of any modification a malady which is mainly German," etc. The last clause should run "a demand which is mainly a German malady". On the same page why is the French proverb, which Hegel quotes as "Le plus grand ennemi du bien, c'est le mieux" altered into "Le plus grand ennemi du Bien c'est le Meilleur" f P. 217, "Punishment also is ameliorated": "mitigated" would be better. P. 222, "There is attained only partial proofs" : read "are". P. 233, "The basis of industry is the sea". Industrie should be translated "trade" or "commerce" here. P. 279, "Ephorat" is not English. P. 305 (§ 298), "the legislature interprets the laws" is a misleading rendering of betrift die Gesetze als solche, insofern sie weiterer Fortbestimmung bedürfen. P. 309 (§ 311), etc., "the classes" (Stände) should be "the estates". On p. 311 the translator gives "the classes or estates". Hegel him- self notes the ambiguity in the word Stände in 303, distinguishing social or economic "classes" from political "estates of the realm". P. 325 (§ 318), "In public opinion all is false and true". 1st alles Falsche und Wahre = " is contained all sorts of falsehood and truth". P. 328, "emperors" should be "generals". Imperator only means "emperor "in a special use. P. 336, "the houses" should be "the legislative chambers" or "the houses of parliament". On the same page (§ 330) "Hence we must here remain by the absolute command" should be "in the stage of mere ought to be," "we must be content with a mere ideal" (beim Sollen bleiben).

On the whole the more difficult metaphysical passages are the best translated, though a reference to the original is generally helpful and sometimes indispensable. But unscholarly slips, such as those noted, are an indignity to Hegel. Hegel had his prejudices: as Mr. McTaggart puts it (in his article "On Hegel's Theory of Punishment" in the International Journal of Ethics for July, 1896 a valuable commentary on a part of the Phil. des Rechts), Hegel may have attempted "to identify the kingdom of Prussia with the kingdom of heaven"; but he did not attempt to write on man as a social being without a very solid equipment of literary and historical knowledge. Carefully and minutely revised, Mr. Dyde's translation might be of great use to students. At present it is a somewhat uncertain guide. DAVID G. RITCHIE.