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 290 PHILOSOPHICAL PERIODICALS. pulse : there is no innate sense of direction, no reflexion or purposive choice.] Literaturbericht. W. Peters. ' Erwiderung'. [Reply to Piper.] Bd. xl., Heft 5 und 6. Literaturbericht. K. L. Schaefer, mit Unterstiitsung von H. C. Warren. ' Bibliographic der psycho-physiolo- gischen literatur des Jahres 1904.' [2,463 titles, as against 2,575 of the same bibliography for 1903, and 3,445 of the Psychological Index for 1904.] ABCHIV FUR DIE G-ESAMiiTE PsYCHOLOGiE. Bd. vi., Heft 3. W. Ament. on the ground of general experience (licking frost off a window pane) in a dog.] J. Segal. ' Die Bewusste Selbsttauschung als Kern des asthetischen Geniessens : eine kritische Betrachtung.' [Critique of Conrad. (1) Methodological. Two experiences which have opposite names (e.g., agreeableness and disagreeableness) need not consist of precisely opposite mental contents ; and to explain aesthetic pleasure we must have recourse, not to a single complex and unanalysed process, but to the elementary processes into which by analysis the total attitude may be resolved. (2) Psychological. As a matter of fact, we have no consciousness of self-illusion in aesthetic contemplation ; moreover, it is not true that the greater the illusion the greater is the aesthetic pleasure.] 35. Duerr. ' Zur Frage der Wertbestimmung. ' [Critique of Kreibig, Meinong, von Ehrenfeir, Cohn. "Wert ist jede Lust und alles, worauf unsere Lustgefuhle sich beziehen in der eigenartigen Weise, die wir meinen, wenn wir von einer Richtung des Gefuhls auf Objekte spre- chen." Five types of this reference are provisionally distinguished.] P. Kiesow. ' Ueber einige geometrischoptische Tauschungen.' [Notes on some rectilinear illusions of variable extent, which are made to lead up to the Miiller-Lyer illusion. Contrast and perspective are subordinate moments ; the explanation must be sought pre-eminently in the motor mechanism of the eye.] I*. Botti. 'Ein Beitrag zur Kennntis der variablen geometrisch-optischen Streckentauschungen.' [A parallel in- vestigation to that of the previous paper, dealing with divided lines, filled an empty space, filled rectangles, etc. Same conclusion as before.] <*. Stoerring. ' Experhnentelle Beitrage zur Lehre vom Gefuhl.' [(1) Distinction of sensory pleasantness and pleasantness of mood or disposi- tion : the former attaches to the stimulus complex (taste), the latter spreads over the whole consciousness ; the former is attended by quick- ening, the latter by slowing of respiration. (2) Pneumographic curves of unpleasantness are distinguished by diminution of the average value of the quotient obtained by dividing length of inspiration by length of expiration. (3) Dynamometrical experiments, aimed to trace the re- lation between feeling and external voluntary action, show that un- pleasant feelings may be a direct motive to action.] P. Kiesow. ' Ueber sogenannte " frei steigende " Vorstellungen und plotzlich auftretende Aenderungen des Gemiitszustandes. Sind die Verbindungsglieder, welche hierbei in Frage kommen, unbewusst oder unbemerkt ? ' [Concludes that there is, in all probability, no reproduction without association ; that sudden changes of mood are also mentally motivated ; and that the connecting links are unremarked or unnoticed, not unconscious. An interesting and valuable paper ; but written with a triviality of circum- stance that renders it unnecessarily long.] W. Ament. ' Das Projekt ernes Kongresses fur Kinderkunde, Kindererziehung und Jugendfursorge. ' Referate. ABCHIV FUR SYSTEMATISCHE PHILOSOPHIE. Neue Folge, Bd. xi., Heft 4. 25th November, 1905. EL Leser. ' Uber die Moglichkeit der
 * Ein Fall von Ueberlegung beim Hund ? ' [Case of supposed reflection