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 NEW BOOKS. 279 perience, have no necessary connexion with one another, and are arrived at by quite separate arguments. The Absolute is no solution of the problem of reality. As object known it must affirm all the contradic- tions it is constructed to get rid of. If knowledge is of the real and not itself reality, ultimate scepticism cannot be excluded. Some remarks by Mr. Shadworth H. Hodgson are appended to this paper. The volume concludes with a paper on " Idealism and the Problem of Know- ledge and Existence," by Dr. G. Dawes Hicks, in which he begins by comparing the positions of Berkeley and Hume to show that Kant was justified in drawing the contrast he did between his idealism and Berkeley's, and goes on to prove that his Critical Philosophy has provided us with a method of criticising much of the prevalent idealism. Know- ledge and existence are two aspects of one interconnected reality, neither arising from nor evolved out of the nature of the other. The contents of knowledge are not existents ; existents are not as such contents of know- ledge. We have two modes of reality ; the reality of validity or truth, the reality of existence. Existence is not that to which truth must cor- respond ; it would be nearer the mark to say that truth is that to which existence must correspond. The existent is not as such the ultimately real ; it is only that part of the real by means of which apprehension of truth comes about. Received also : George Trumbell Ladd, A Philosophy of Religion, A Critical and Speculative Treatise of Man's Religious Experience and Develop- ment in the Light of Modern Science and Reflective Thinking, London, Longmans, Green & Co., 1906, 2 vols., pp. xx, 616, and xii, 590. John McTaggart Ellis McTaggart, Some Dogmas of Religion, London, Edward Arnold, 1906, pp. xx, 299. Edward Bradford Titchener, Experimental Psychology, a Manual of Laboratory Practice, vol. ii., " Quantitative Experiments," part i., " Students' Manual," pp. xli, 208 ; part ii., " Instructor's Manual," pp. clxxi, 453, New York and London, Macmillan, 1905. Otto Weininger, Sex and Character, authorised translation from the sixth German edition, London, Heinemann ; New York, Putnam's Sons, 1906, pp. xiii, 356. Hugh Northcote, Christianity and Sex Problems, Philadelphia, F. A. Davis Co., 1906, pp. ix, 257. George Ainslie Hight, The Unity of Will, Studies of an Irrationalist, London, Chapman & Hall, 1906, pp. xv, 244. Charles Stanton Devas, The Key to the World's Progress, being an Essay on Historical Logic, London, Longmans, 1906, pp. xi, 321. Alfred J. Martin, Martin's Tables, Imperial, Metric, Indian and Colonial Measures and Weights, Simple Suggestions for Metric Adoption, Imperial J decimal Coinage, etc., London, T. Fisher Unwin, 1906, pp. xiv, 271. Religions, Ancient and Modern : " Ancient Greece," Miss Jane Harrison, pp. 66 ; " Ancient China," Prof. Giles, pp. 70 ; " Pantheism," J. A. Picton, pp. 96 ; " Animism," Edward Clodd, pp. 100, London, Constable, 1906. The Writers and Artists' Year-Book, 1906 : A Directory for Writers, Artists and Photographers, London, A. & C. Black, pp. 78. Ambrose Zandt, Lex Helicis, The Story of Creation, translated by M. Boston, Farrington Printing Co., no date, pp. 22.