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290 The opening years of the nineteenth century, during which the Diaz régime was reaping the reward of its efforts to establish order and induce the economic development of the country, brought the period of most cordial relations between Mexico and the United States. The border problem was not at an end, but it was active only in Arizona and New Mexico and even there involved not so much raids across the boundary as the prevention of the purchase in the border towns of arms and ammunition, which were later used by the Indians against American citizens living south of the border. The attitude of the local authorities in the Mexican northwest toward American settlers also continued to be a matter of complaint. Both governments were anxious to do all in their power to remove the reasons for friction.

The Yaqui Indians, against whose acts the most numerous protests were made, are a Sonora tribe, about