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 founders of the American Ethnological Society, and Secretary of the New York Historical Society. In 1850 he was appointed Commissioner for the survey of the boundary-line between the United States and Mexico. The results of this survey, which occupied three years, and embraced observations in astronomy, ethnology, and natural history, were published by the United States Government in 1857–58. In 1855 he was elected Secretary of State of Rhode Island, and has been continued in that office by repeated elections. In 1861–62 he was acting Governor of Rhode Island. Besides editing and publishing the records of the colony of Rhode Island, he has issued "The Progress of Ethnology," 1847; "Reminiscences of Albert Gallatin," 1849; "Dictionary of Americanisms," 1848; "Personal Narrative of Explorations and Incidents in Texas, New Mexico, California, Sonora, and Chihuahua," 1856; "Index to the Acts and Resolves of the General Assembly of Rhode Island" (1758–1862); "History of the Destruction of H.B.M. Schooner Gasper," 1862; "Bibliography of Rhode Island," 1864; "Bibliotheca Americana," 4 vols., 1865–70; "Literature of the Rebellion," 1867; "Memoirs of Rhode Island Officers in the War of the Rebellion," 1867; "Primeval Man," 1868; "History of the Wanton Family in Rhode Island," 1879; and an enlarged edition of his "Dictionary of Americanisms," 1878.

BASCHET,, a French writer, born at Blois in 1829. He first became known by some striking artistic and literary criticisms in different periodicals, and afterwards published "Honoré de Balzac," with historical notes by M. Champfleury (1851), and "Les Origines de Werther" (1855). He was then sent on a mission to examine the archives of Venice, and his reputation as an author rests mainly on the many interesting publications resulting from his researches among the old Italian manuscripts. These works include "Les Archives de la Sérénissime République de Venise: Souvenirs d'une Mission," 1858; "La Diplomatie Vénitienne: les Princes de l'Europe au XVIe siècle, d'après les rapports des Ambassadeurs Vénitiens," 1862; "Les Archives de Vénise: Histoire de la Chancellerie secrète," 1870; "Le Roi chez la Reine, ou Histoire secrète du mariage de Louis XIII. et d'Anne d'Autriche, d'après le journal de la santé du Roi, les dépêches du Nonce, &c.," 1864, 2nd ed. 1866. From other sources M. Baschet has obtained the materials for "Journal du Concile de Trente, rédigé par un Secrétaire Vénitien," 1870; "Le Duc de Saint-Simon, son cabinet et l'historique de ses manuscrits," 1874; "Histoire du Dépôt des Archives des Affaires Étrangères," 1875; and "Les Comédiens Italiens à la Cour de France," 1882, a charming volume, full of new and piquant details concerning the French sovereigns, the Duke of Mantua, and others. He published, in conjunction with M. Feuillet de Conches, "Les Femmes blondes selon les peintres de l'école de Venise," 1858; and he translated from the German of Alfred von Reumont "La Jeunesse de Catherine de Médicis," 1866. M. Baschet was decorated with the cross of the Legion of Honour in 1863. 

BASTIAN,, M.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., was born at Truro, in Cornwall, April 26, 1837; was educated at a private school at Falmouth, and in University College, London. He graduated M.A. in 1861, M.B. in 1863, and M.D. in 1866; these degrees being conferred by the University of London. He was elected F.R.S. in 1868, and F.R.C.P. in 1871. Dr. Bastian is also a Fellow of several Medical Societies. In 1866 he was appointed Lecturer on Pathology, and