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SALPOED— SALISBUEY.

0U8 duties of honorary secretary to that society. He was also one of! the founders, in 1874, of the Musical Asijociatiou for the " investigation I and discussion of subjects con- nected with the art and science of music," and performed the duties of honorary secretary until the end of 1877, when he retired as a Vice- President of the Association. Mr. Salaman is yet actively engaged in his profession as composer, musical critic, and writer on musical sub- jects; and in 1882 he published an important volume entitled "Jews as they are," which deals with modern Jews from a social, poli- tical, and religious point of view, and thoroughly vindicates the Jewish character on all grounds of reproach and prejudice. Mr. Sala- man assumed the additional name of Kensington at the death of his father in 1867.

SALFORD, Bishop of. (See Yauohan Hkbbbbt.)

SALISBURY-, Bishop op. (See

MOBBBLT, Db.)

SALISBURY (Mabquis op), Thb RioHT Hon. Robebt Abthub Talbot Gascoiqnb Cecil, K.G., eldest surviving son of the second Marquis of Salisbury, by his first wife, the daughter ana heir of Bamber Gascoigne, Esq., born at Hatfield in 1830, was educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Orford, where he graduated, and was elected a Fellow of All Souls' College (1853). In 1853 he was elected M.P. for Stamford, and he repic- sented that borough in the Conser- vative interest until his succession to the marquisate on the death of his father, April 12, 1868. While in the Lower House^ he was known as Lord Robert Cecil, untU the decease of his elder brother, on June 14, 1865, when he assumed the courtesy title of Viscount Cranbome. In 1857, he married Geo«:iana Caroline, daughter of Sir Edward Hall Alderson, Baron of the Exchequer, and niece of the celebrated Mrs. Opie. His lordship

took an active part in all public measures which affected the inte- rests of the Established Church, and in the leading Church of Eng- land institutions; and he was a frequent contributor to the Quar- terly Review and to other periodicals. In Lord Derby's third administra- tion he was, in July, 1866, ap- pointed Secretary of State for India, which post he resigned on account of a difference in opinion respecting the Reform Bill, March 2, 1867, when two other Cabinet ministers, viz.. General Peel, War Secretary, and Lord Carnarvon, Colonial Secretary, also gave in their resignations. On Nov. 12, 1869, he was elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford, in suc- cession to the late Earl of Derby. In 1871-72 he and Lord Caims, as arbitrators, conducted a long in- vestigation into the complicated affairs of the London, Chatham, and Dover Ridlway Company. His lordship was again appointed Secre- tary of State for India when Mr. Disraeli returned to office in Feb., 1874. When at the close of ihe war between Turkey and Servia, differences arose between the former Power and Russia, ihe Marquis of Salisbury was sent as Special Ambassador to the Sublime Porte, and he and Sir Henry Elliot acted as joint plenipotentiaries of Great Britain at the Conference of Constantinople. His lordship left England, Nov. 20, 1876, and en route, visited Paris, Berlin, Yienna, and Rome. The progress towards agreement made at the preliminary meetings held at the Russian Em- bassy in Constantinople were so sati^actory that the formal C<m- f erenoe, at which the joint proposals of the Powers were pressed upon the Porte, was opened on Dec. 23. At the same time the new Constitn- tion of the Ottoman Empire was formally promulgated by its aathcff', Midhat Pasha. The Marauis of Salisbury really took the place of leader at the Conference, whidbi