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which has become a feature of the meetings of that body. In the autumn of 1876 Professor Lankester prosecuted the spirit-medium Slade, and procured his conviction by Mr. Flowers at Bow Street as " a com- mon rogue and vagabond." He has also taken a prominent part in the defence of scientific experiment on live animals^ and in the discus- sion of University Beform. In April, 1882, the Regius chair of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh, was, on the death of Sir Wyville Thomson, offered by the Home Secretary to Professor Lankester, and accepted by him. This had been the most coveted post to which a naturalist could aspire, both on account of its pecu- niary value and educational im- portance. It was, however, inti- mated by the Government, at the moment of making the present appointment, that the division of the chair and the alteration of the curriculum in such a way as greatly to reduce the Professor's income from students' fees, were in con- templation. Finding that he would be unable under these circum- stances to develop the museum and laboratories of the University in a satisfactory manner, on account of the general uncertainty as to the contemplated changes. Professor Lankester resigned the Regius Pro- fessorship a fortnight after his ap- pointment, and was immediately re-elected to the Jodrell Professor- ship in London. In November of the same year he was elected by the Royal Society to be a member of the Council of that body.

LANMAN, Chablbs, born in Monroe County, Michigan, June 14, 1819. He received an academical education at Plainfield, Connecti- cut, and became successively a clerk in a mercantile house in New York, a journalist, traveller, pri- vate secretary to Daniel Webster, and librarian to the House of Re- presentatives. From 1871 to June, 1882, he was Secretary of the

Japanese legation at Washington, and since then has devoted himself to painting and writing. He has published "Life on the Lakes," 1836 ; " A Summer in the Wilder- ness," 1847; "Letters from Alle- ghany Mountains," 1849 ; " Private Life of Daniel Webster," 1852; " Essays for Summer Hours," 1853 ; " Sporting Adventures in the Wilds of America," 1857 ; " Life of Wil- liam Woolbridge," 1867; "The Red Book of Michigan," 1871; " The Japanese in America," 1872 ; " Biographical Annals of the Go- vernment of the United States," 1876 ; " Octavius Perinchief ," 1880 ; and "Recollections of Curious Characters and Pleasant Places," Edinb., 1881, 8vo. His most im- portant work is his " Dictionary of Congress," of which several editions have appeared, the latest in 1876. It comprises biographical sketches of every member of Congress since the formation of the Federal Go- vernment.

LANSDOWNE (Maimjuib of). The Rioht Hon. Hknbt Charles Keith Fitz-Maubicb, eldest son of the f oucth Marquis of Lansdowne, K.G., by his second wife, the Hon. Emily Jane, eldest daughter of the Comte de Flahault and the Baroness Keith and Naime, was born in 1845. He was educated at Eton and at Ba- liol CoUege, Oxford, and was for- merly a Captain in the Wilts Yeomanry Cavalry. He succeeded his father in the Marquisate and other titles in 1866. Lord Lans- downe was a Lord of the Treasury from 1868 to 1872, and Under- Secretaiy for War from the latter date till 1874. He was appointed Under-Secretary for India when Mr. Gladstone took office again in 1880, but retired two months after- wards (July 8) owing to a disagree- ment with the Government on the subject of the Compensation for Dis- turbance (Ireland) Bill. In May, 1883, the Queen approved the ap- pointment of Lord Lansdowne as Governor-General of Canada, in

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