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 HUBBARD—HUBNER.

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1871 J *• Meditations on the Miracles of Christ/' 2 series, 1871- 77 ; " Chester as it was," 1872 ; " The River Dee, its Aspect and History," 1875; and "Homely Hints in Sermons, suggested by Experience," 1876. He has edited Masson's "Apology for the Greek Church," 18ii } " Essays on Cathedrals, by various Writers," 1872 ; and Paley's " Horae Pau- linsB," 1877 j and has contributed to Smith's " Dictionary of the Bible," and the " Speaker's Com- mentary."

HUBBARD, The Rioht Hon. John Gellibrand, M.P., eldest son of the late John Hubbard, Esq., bom in 1805, early devoted himself to commercial pursuits, and is the head of the firm of Hubbard and Co., Russia merchants, in London. Mr. Hubbard is a Magistrate and Deputy-Lieutenant for Bucking- hamshire, a Director of the Bank of England, and Chairman of the Public Works Exchequer Loan Commission. He was elected, in May, 1859, for the borough of Buckingham, which he represented in the Conservative interest until the Reform Act of 1868 deprived Buckingham of one of its members. At the general election of Feb. 1874, he was elected one of the members for the City of London. In the same year his name was added to the Privy Council. He has written able pamphlets on monetary questions, a "Vindica- tion of a Fixed Duty on Com," published in 1842, and "The Cur- rency of the Country," in 1843, which the late Mr. M'Culloch <called a valuable tract in favour of a single bank of issue. Mr. Hub- bard carried in the House of Com- mons, in 1861, a motion against the Government for a Committee to Inquire into the Working of the Income-tax, and strenuously advo- cated in Parliament a modification of the most obnoxious features of that impost. He took a prominent part as a defender of the Estab-

lished Church in respect of church- rates, and has always insisted upon the maintenance of religious in- struction as a basis of all education. Throughout the coinage contro- versy carried on in 1869 in the columns of the Times, Mr. Hubbard conducted a resolute and successful resistance to the debasement of the standard of value or reduction in the intrinsic worth of the gold coin, which had been proposed with the object of equalising the English sovereign and a French twenty-five franc gold piece as international coins.

HOBNER, Babon Joseph Alex- ander, diplomatist, was born at Vienna, Nov. 26, 1811. After com- pleting his studies at Vienna he travelled for some time in Italy, and on his return in 1833 received from the late Prince Metternich a post in the State Chancellerie. In

1837 he accompanied Count Ap- ponyi's embassy to Paris, but in

1838 was recalled by his patron. Prince Metternich. In 1840 he was made Secretary to the Austrian Embassy sent to the late Queen Maria da Gloria, the relations between Austria and Portugal having been for a long time sus- pended. He was appointed Charge d' Affaires at Leipzig in 1844, and was shortly afterwards Consul- General of Austria. During the troubles of 1848, Baron Hubner was intrusted with the conduct of the Archduke Regnier's correspond- ence as the Viceroy of Lombardy ; and when the populace got the upper hand, he was detsuned at Milan as a hostage, but was soon exchanged. He joined the Em- peror of Austria at Olmtitz, was sent in 1849 on a special mission to Paris, and shortly afterwards became Austrian Ajnbassador at that capital. In 1856 he signed the treaty of Paris, having, during the Crimean war, been inslarumental, it is supposed, in preventing his sovereign from taking part with Russia, and in ensuring his neu-

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