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 HARTLEY.

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accepted this responsible position, and became the acknowledged leader of the Opposition in the Lower House. He received the freedom of the city of Glasgow, Nov. 5, 1877; and was installed as Lord Rector of the University of Edinburgh, Jan. 31, 1879. At the general election of April, 1880, he was elected M.P. for North East Lancashire. On the resignation of the Conservative Government, the Marquis of Hartington was sent for by the Queen to form an Administration ; but this task, having been declined by him and Earl Granville, eventually de- volved on the former leader of the Liberal party, Mr. Gladstone, who constructed a Cabinet, in which the Marquis of Hartington occupied a seat, as Secretary of State for War, from May, 1880, tiU Dec. 16, 1882, when he was transferred to the War Office in succession to Mr. Childers, who had become Chancellor of the Exchequer.

HARTLEY, Sib Charles Au- GusTU8,wasbom atHeworth,co.Dur- ham,1825,being sonof W.A.Hartley, Esq., iron merchant of Darlington, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, by Lil- lias, daughter of A. Tod, Esq., J. P., of Borrowstowness, N. B. In 1845, after a practical course of instruc- tion in mining and railway engi- neering at Bishop Auckland and Leeds^ he was appointed one of Messrs. Stevenson, Brassey and Mackenzie's District Engineers on the Scottish Central Railway, and held that post till 1848, when he was nominated Resident Engineer at Sutton Harbour, Plymouth, under Mr. J. Locke, M.P. In June, 1855, on the completion of the Sutton Harbour Works, he ac- cepted a commission as Captain in the Turkish Contingent Engineers, and served at Kertch with that force imtil the end of the Crimean war, for which he received the Turkish war medal. In Dec. 1856, he was elected Engineer-in-Chief to the European Commission of the

Danube, on the recommendation of Major (now Colonel Sir John) Stokes, and General Sir J. Bur- goyne. In 1861, at the inaugura- tion of the Jetties at Sulina (by means of which the depth of water at the mouth of the Danube had been increased from 9 feet to 17i feet), the merchants of Galatz and Ibraila presented him with a silver vase, " as a souvenir of their grati- tude to the European Commission of the Danube for the masterly execution of the Sulina Works by their Engineer-in-Chief, Mr. C. A. Hartley.'^ In March, 1861, he in- spected the early works of the Suez Canal, and reported favourably on that scheme to the English Govern- ment. In Sept. 1862, he received the honour of knighthood. In 1867 he was awarded the Emperor of Russia's " Grand Competition Prize " of 8,000 silver roubles for his plans for enlarging the harbour of Odessa. In 1872, when the depth at Sulina had been increased to 204 feet, and many important river improvements had been affected, he ceased to reside at Sulina, and became Consulting Engineer to the Danube Commission, a i)0st he still retains. During his residence abroad he was also employed by the Austrian Government to report on various schemes for improving the port of Trieste ; by the Turkish Government, to report on dock accommodation at Constantinople ; by the Russian Government, to survey and report on the mouths of the Don ; by the British Govern- ment, to report on an international question of engineering, connected with the Scheldt; by the Indian Government, to report on the Hooghly; and by the Roumanian Government, to prepare surveys and drawings for a harbour on the coast of Bessarabia. In Jan. 1874, he was the first engineer to re- commend the improvement of the South Pass and Mouth of the Mississippi in preference to either of the other Mouths. In Aug. 1875,