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 deer-hunt; in 1844 "Mary, Queen of Scots, returning from the chase to Stirling Castle;" and, in 1845, "Fox-hunting in the North," a portrait group of Mr. James Machell, of Windermere, and his family. In 1846 Mr. Ansdell exhibited for the first time at the British Institution, the subject of his picture being "The Drover's Halt—Isle of Mull in the Distance;" and the same year he sent to the Royal Academy "The Stag at Bay." In the following year at the Academy appeared "The Combat," a companion to the last picture; and in 1848 "The Battle of the Standard." In 1856 Mr. Ansdell accompanied Mr. Phillip, R.A., to Spain; and again, in the following year, he journeyed there alone, making the province of Seville his sketching ground. In 1857 he exhibited "The Water Carrier" and "Mules Drinking"; in 1858 "The Road to Seville," and "The Spanish Shepherd;" in 1859 "Isla Mayor—Banks of the Guadalquivir," and "The Spanish Flower Seller." In 1860 he made a slight diversion to English subjects in "The Lost Shepherd" and "Buy a Dog, Ma'am?"; but in the next year he again showed his attachment to Spanish life and scenery. On three occasions Mr. Ansdell received the "Heywood medal" for his works exhibited at Manchester; and a gold medal was awarded to him for pictures in the Paris Exhibition of 1855—"The Wolf-slayer" and "Turning the Drove." He was elected A.R.A. June 29, 1861. In that year he exhibited "Hunted Slaves" and "Old Friends"; and in 1862 "Excelsior," a traveller, half buried in the snow, found by the monks of St. Bernard. His more recent exhibits include:—"Goatherds—Bay of Gibraltar," 1874; "The Intruders," "Quarrying in the Highlands, Loch Laggan"; "A Fête Day: Going to a Bull Fight at San Roque, Gibraltar," 1875; "After a Spate," "The Cattle are in the Corn," 1876; "The Home of the Red Deer," 1877; "Fifty Years Ago": before the Salmon Act, 1878; "The Stray Lamb," "A Storm in the Glen," 1879; "The Farm of the Alhambra," 1881; "Returning from the Fair at Seville," "The Vega of Granada: returning from pasture"; "A Timid Visitor," "Collecting Sheep for Clipping in the Highlands," "A Warm Corner," 1882; "The Vega of Granada: the Alhambra in the distance," "The Scare," "Water-carriers of the Alhambra," and "Hunting the Boar," 1883. Mr. Ansdell was elected a Royal Academician in 1870.

 ANTHONY,, born at Coventry, Rhode Island, April 1, 1815, graduated B.A. at the Brown University in 1833. In 1838 he became editor and proprietor of the Providence Journal, which under his charge came to be one of the leading provincial newspapers of the United States. He was elected Governor of Rhode Island in 1849, and again in 1850, but he declined a re-election in 1851. He was chosen a United States Senator in 1859, and reelected for each successive sexennial period, in 1865, 1871, and 1877, his term expiring in 1883. He has twice been chosen by the Republicans President pro tempore of the Senate, in 1869 and in 1871.

 ANTIGUA,. (See )

 AOSTA,. (See .)

 ARABI,, the leader of the military insurrection in Egypt, was born of a fellah family, resident in a small village in the province of Charkièh, in the Eastern portion of Lower Egypt, nearly on the borders of the desert. He was enlisted in the army during the reign of Said Pasha, who initiated the system of replacing the foreign officers by native Egyptians. Arabi was one of those thus selected, and he rose rapidly in rank; but the