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regiment^ was educated at the Charterlioase^ and graduated B.A. in 1830, as a wrangler, at Trinity College, Cambridge. He was re- tamed in Aug., 1837, as member in the Conservative interest for Ipswich; and having changed his (pinions, resigned his seat, and appealed, in 1^, onoe more to his oonstttoents. He was defeated, and remained for some time out of. Parliament, having in Sept., 1839, contested the borough of Cam- bridge, without success. During this interval he entered into the great movement which had for its object the abolition of the duty on com, and became one of the most successful orators of the League. In 1841 he was invited to stand for Manchester, and after a close contest with Sir George Murray was, in July, re- turned for that important con- stitaency. In 1846, at the conclu- sion of 'Uie Anti-com-law agitation, when Lord John Bussell had taken office, and declared that his genend policy was to carry out to their natural consequences the principles of free trade embodied in Sir Bobert Peel's legislation, the minister thought to strengthen his government by obtaining the aid of some of Uie leading members of the League. Mr. Gibson was accordingly appointed Vice-President of the Board of Trade, which office he l^eld until it was thought that his connection with the Government might embarrass him in his rela- tions with his constituents. In April, 1848, he resigned, and iden- tified himself so completely with the " Peace party/' during the struggle with Russia, that he was defeated at Manchester at the general elec- tion in March, 1857, but was shortly afterwards returned for Ashton- under-Lyne, which he represented till Dec., 186S. In 1859 he was appointed President of tiie Board of Trade, with a seat in the Cabinet. Mr. Milner-Gibson took an active part in urging upon Parliament, and in other ways promoting, the

repeal of what have been desig- nated the '' Taxes on Knowledge ; " viz., the newspaper stamp, the advertisement duty, and the excise on paper; and his public services in tiiis respect were recognized by a testimonial in 1861.' Mr. Milner- Gibson, who was made a Privy Coimcillor in 1846, resigpaed the Presidency of the Board of Trade on the dissolution of the Bussell minist^ in June, 1866. He un- successfully contested Ashton- under-Lyne in 1868.

GIEBS, Nicholas Cablovitch, a Bussian statesman, was born May 9 (O.S.), 1820. After passing through the course of science at the Imperial Lyceum of Czarskoe Selo, he entered the Asiatic De- partment of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, being then 18 years of age. In 1841 he was attached to the Bussian Consulate in Moldavia, and in September, 1848, he was sent by Imperial order to the head-quarters of the Btissian troops in Transyl- vania during the Hungarian cam- paign, as a <Splomatic official under the Commander-in-Chief, General Lueders. For his untiring industry and the zealous fulfilment of his duties in this capacity, he was made a Court Councillor, and re- ceived the Order of St. Stanislas of the fourth class. On his return from Transylvania in 1850, he was sent as First Secretary of Embassy to Constantinople ; and thence, in 1853, he was transferred to Bou- mania as Director of the Chancery of the Commissary-Plenipotentiary in the then Principalities of Wal- lachia and Moldavia, where he re- mained 12 months. On war break- ing out with Turkey he was attached to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and despatched in 1855, with im- portant instructions, to the Gover- nors-General of New Russia and Bessarabia. In 1856 he was created a Councillor of State and appointed Consul-General to Egypt ; and, after two years, in the same capa- city to Wallachia and Moldavia, re-