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DEEBT—DEBVISH PASHA.

between my colleaguea and myself. Wliat the other reasons are I cannot divtilge \mtil the propositions of the Government from which I dissented are made known." In the debate in the House of Lords on the Treaty of Berlin, July 18, 1878, he said:— " When I quitted the Government in the last days of March, I did so because it was said it was necessary to seize and occupy the island of Cyrpus, together with a point upon the Syrian coast, and that was to be done by means of a Syrian expe- dition sent out from India, with or without the consent of the Sultan, although undoubtedly part of the arrangements was that full compen- sation should be made to the Stdtan of any loss he might incur." The correctness of this statement was however emphatically denied by the Marquis of Salisbury in the course of the same debate. In Apiil, 1879, Lord Derby withdrew from the Lancashire Union of Conservative Associations in consequence of his disapproval of the foreign policy of the Government and his desire to remain aloof for a time from M party obligations j and in Oct. 1879, it became known that he had de- tached himself definitively from the Conservative organization. In a letter addressed to the Earl of Sefton, March 12, 1880, Lord Derby wrote: — "I have been long imwill- ing to separate from the political connection in which I was brought up, and with which, notwithstand- ing occasional differences on non- political questions, I have in the main acted for many years. But the present situation of parties and the avowed policy of the Conserva- tive leader in reference to foreign relations leave me no choice. I cannot support the present Govern- ment, and as neutrality, however from personal feelings I might prefer it, is at a political crisis an evasion of public duty, I have no choice except to declare myself, however reluctantly, ranked among their opponents." He was sworn

in as Secretary of State for the Colonies, in Mr. Gladstone's Admi- nistration, Dec. 16, 1882. The Earl of Derby was elected Lord Bector of the University of Edinburgh in Nov. 1874. Before his succession to the peerage his lordship served as a member of the Boyal Commis- sion on Army Purchase in 1866-7; of the Cambridge University Com- mission in 1856-60 ; of the Commis- sion on the Organization of tlie Indian Army in 1858-9; Chaimuui of the Commission on the Sanitarj State of the Indian Army in 1859-61 ; and of the Commission on FkUients in 1863-4. DEBBT AND RAPHOE, Bishop

OF. (See AUCXANDBB, Db.)

DERVISH PASHA, a Turkish general and diplomatist, was born m the year 1223 of the H^ira (1817}, at Byoub, a suburb of (S>n- stantmople, where his father exer^ cised the functions of an Iman and primary school teacher. At the age of twelve he entered the preparatory School of Engineering which had been recently wunded by the Sultan Mahmoud. He was one of the young Turks sent to Europe by that momut^h to make special studies (1837). After spending several years in England, he prcraeeded to Paris, where he attended from 1839 to 1842 the lectures in the School of Mines. On his return to his native country he was nominated Engineer-in-Chief of the mines of Keban and Argana, in Asia Minora and afterwards Professor of Che- mistry and Physics in the Military School of Constantinople. At a somewhat later date he became Director of the same school, with the rank of General of Brigade* He was advanced to the grade of General of Division in 1849, and was appointed Ottoman Commis- sioner for settling the frontier Hne between Turkey and Persia. On his return from this mission, which lasted nearly four years, Derviih was sent to the Dannbian Prin- cipalities (1854) in the capaci^ of