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CAMBBIBGE— OAMEBOK.

be the minister and favourite of Ferdinand III., Grand Duke of Tus- cany. After completing his studies at Pisa, he returned, at the age of twenty-two, to his native city, where he was received with much favour by Leopold II., who reposed the ut- most confidence in him. He always exhorted the Grand Duke, but in vain, to make concessions to the liberal requirements of the times, instead of relying on Austrian sup- port ; and in 1859, when the Grand Duke was obliged to flee from his dominions, which were thereupon annexed to Piedmont, Signer 0am- bray-Digny approved this prelimi- nary step towards the unification of Italy, and was elected one of the deputies for Tuscany. In 1865 he presided, in his capacity of Lord Mayor ("Gonfaloniere") of Florence, at the sixth centenary of the birth of Dante, and pronounced the pane- g^yric of the poet before the statue which was inaugurated on that oc- casion. His political celebrity, how- ever, does not date farther back than the close of the year 1667, when he was appointed Finance Minister of the langdom of Italy, and found himself face to face with an enormous deficit, which he en- deavoured to reduce by various ex- I>edient8, including the unpopular grist tax, and the taking up by the State of the tobacco monopoly. Signer Cambray-Digny, by his per- severance and tact, succeeded in carrying this and other projects in spite of the energetic opposition of a formidable party in the Chambers. Towards the close of the year 1869 the Menabrea-Cambray-Digny Cabi- net, as it was called, was succeeded by the Lanza Cabinet. Signer Cambray-Digny was then made a senator.

CAMBRIDGE (Duke of),H.R.H. Geobob William Fbbdeeick Chables, Fibld-Mabshal, son of Adolphus Frederick, the first duke, grandson of £jng George III., and first cousin of Her Majesty Queen Victoria^, was born at Hanover,

March 26, 1819, and succeeded his father July 8, 1850. He became a Colonel in the army Nov. 3, 1837, was advanced to the rank of Major- General in 1845, to that of Lieut.- G^ieral in 1854, when he was ftp- pointed to command the two bri- gades of Highlanders and Guards, united to form the first division of the army sent in aid of Turkey against the Emperor of Russia ; and was promoted to the rank of General in 1856. In 1861 he was appointed Colonel of the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers, and was promoted to the rank of Field-Marshal Nov. 9, 1862. His Royal Highness has been successively Colonel of the 17ih. Light Dragoons, of the Scots Fusi- lier Guards, and, on the death of the late Prince Consort, of the Grena- dier Guards. At the battle of the Alma his Royal Highness led bis division into action in a manner that won the confidence of his men and the respect of the veteran offi- cers with whom he served. At In- kermann he was actively engaged, and had a horse shot under him. Shortly after this, in consequence of impaired health, he was ordered by the medical autiiorities to Pera, for change of air, and after staying there some time proceeded to Malta ; whence, his health still failing, he was directed to return to England. At a later period his Royal High- ness gave the results of his camp experience in evidence before the Committee of the House <^ Com- mons appointed to investigate the manner in which the war had been conducted. On the resignation of Viscount Hardinge in 1856 the Duke of Cambridge was appointed to suc- ceed as Commander-in-Chief, in which capacity his Royal Highness has shown his desire to introduce useful reforms, which tend mate- rially to improve the comfort of the soldier and the efficiency of the army. In June, 1878, he went to Malta to inspect the Indian troops which had recently arrived there. CAMERON, Gbn. Um Dvvgas