Page:Maury's New Elements of Geography, 1907.djvu/83

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The cochineal cactus was formerly cultivated very largely, but is not so important now because other dyes are used. Upon its thorny leaves countless numbers of the cochineal insect feed. They are gathered, killed with hot water, and dried in the sun. When ground into powder, they make a beautiful scarlet dye. 4. The mineral wealth of Mexico is very great. Its mines of silver are the richest in the world. In the gulf of California pearls are found. 5. In government Mexico is a republic, like our own country. It consists of a number of different states, united under one president. 6. Early History.—When Europeans first came to the "New World", the king of Mexico was Mon-te-zu'-ma.

7. Cities.—Mexico, which stands on the site of the old capital, is a beautiful city. It is surrounded by majestic mountains, two of which are always snow-clad. The climate is delightful. The houses are built without chimneys, and the gardens are fragrant with flowers all the year round.

Vera Cruz (vay'-rah-krooz) is the principal seaport. It is a very unhealthful city.

8. Central America lies between Mexico and South America. It contains six republics, and the colony of British Honduras. The country is mountainous, and its climate is like that of Mexico.

The most important products are coffee, cacao, sugar, vanilla, and mahogany.

The forests yield mahogany, which is much used in making furniture.



We get coffee from all the Central American states,