Page:Manual of the New Zealand Flora.djvu/981

Hymenophyllum.] in size, usually 4–8 in. high including the stipes, but sometimes dwarfed to 1 in., and occasionally attaining 12 in., ovate-lanceolate to oblong-ovate or deltoid, acute or acuminate, erect or decurved or even pendulous, dark olive-green to light-green, membranous, 3–4-pinnatifid. Stipes 1–5 in. long, terete, wiry, naked; rhachis narrowly winged above. Primary pinnæ close and often over-lapping in terrestrial specimens, more remote in those growing on trees, rhomboidal-lanceolate, cut down to a rather broadly winged rhachis into numerous secondary divisions, which are again pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid. Ultimate segments linear, rigid, obtuse, deeply spinulose-dentate. Sori few, large, mostly in the upper part of the frond, terminating very short lateral segments, often appearing quite axillary, free. Indusium erect or decurved, obovoid, tubular below, 2-valved to the middle; valves entire or denticulate.—''A. Cunn. Precur. n. 240; Raoul, Choix, 39; Hook. and Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 167; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. 98; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel.'' ii. 12; ''Handb. N.Z. Fl. 353; Hook. and Bak. Syn. Fil. 69; Thoms. N.Z. Ferns, 37; Field, N.Z. Ferns, 66, t. 19, f. 8. H. truncatum, Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst.'' xxiii. (1891) 390. H. alpinum. Col. I.c. xxxi. (1899) 263. H. oligocarpum, Col. I.c. xxxi. (1899) 264. Trichomanes multifidum, ''Forst. Prodr.'' n. 473.

20. H. bivalve, ''Swartz, Syn. Fil.'' 146, 372.—Forming large matted patches on the ground among moss, more rarely eniphytical. Rhizome stout, wiry, creeping; rootlets densely villous. Fronds (including the stipes) usually from 6–9 in. high, 2–4 in. broad, but luxuriant specimens reach 12–14 in., with a breadth of 6 in., broadly ovate or deltoid, acuminate, rather rigid, often decurved, 3–4-pinnatifid. Stipes 2–5 in. long, terete, wiry, glabrous, not winged; rhachis narrowly winged above. Primary pinnæ triangular or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, cut down almost to the rhachis into rhomboidal-lanceolate secondary divisions, which are again pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid. Ultimate segments narrow-linear, obtuse, deeply spinulose-dentate. Sori usually numerous, terminal on the segments, immersed at the base. Indusium ovate or ovate-orbicular, cuneate below, 2-valved nearly to the base; valves quite entire.— ''A. Rich. Fl. Nouv. Zel. 93; A. Cunn. Precur. n. 244; Raoul, Choix, 39; Hook. Syn. Fil. i. 98, t. 35d; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel.'' ii. 12; ''Handb. N.Z. Fl. 353; Hook. and Bak. Syn. Fil. 69; Thomson, N.Z. Ferns, 37; Field, N.Z. Ferns, 67, t. 17, f. 3. H. spathulatum, Col. in Tasmanian Journ. Nat. Sci.'' (1845) 24. Trichomanes bivalve, ''Forst. Prodr.'' n. 466.