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 at equal local times. If therefore, we should meet with phenomena, in which the difference of the local times for mutually acting particles might have a sensible influence, and in which yet observation showed the above theorem to be true, this would indicate a modification, like the one we have just specified, of the molecular forces by the influence of a translation. Of course, such a modification would only be possible, if the molecular forces were no direct actions at a distance, but were propagated by the aether in a similar way as the electromagnetic actions. Perhaps the rotation of the plane of polarization in the so-called active bodies will be found to be a phenomenon of the kind, just mentioned.

§ 9. Hitherto all quantities of the order $$\mathfrak{p}_{x}^{2}/V^{2}$$ have been neglected. As is well known, these must be taken into account in the discussion of 's experiment, in which two rays of light interfered after having traversed rather long paths, the one parallel to the direction of the earth's motion, and the other perpendicular to it. In order to explain the negative result of this experiment and myself have supposed that, in consequence of the translation, the dimensions of the solid bodies serving to support the optical apparatus, are altered in a certain ratio.

Some time ago, M. has emitted the opinion that, according to my theory, the experiment should have a positive result, if it were modified in so far, that the rays had to pass through a solid or a liquid dielectric.

It is impossible to say with certainty what would be observed in such a case, for, if the explication of 's result which I have proposed is accepted, we must also assume that the mutual distances of the molecules of transparent media are altered by the translation.

Besides, we must keep in view the possibility of an influence, be it of the second order, of the translation on the molecular forces.

In what follows I shall shew, not that the result of the experiment must necessarily be negative, but that this might very well be the case. At the same time it will appear what would be the theoretical meaning of such a result.

Let us return again to the equations (Ic)—(Vc). This time we shall not put in them k = 1, but the other simplifications of which we have spoken in § 6 will again be introduced. We shall now have to distinguish between the vectors $$\mathfrak{E}$$ and $$\mathfrak{F}'$$, the former alone