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Rh If this principal establishment is not located in one of the countries of the Union, that to which the applicant belongs shall be considered as country of origin.

The nature of the product on which the trademark is to be applied cannot, in any case, be an obstacle to the filing of the mark.

The contracting countries agree to admit for filing and to protect marks belonging to associations the existence of which is not contrary to the law of the country of origin, even if these associations do not possess an industrial or commercial establishment.

Each country shall be judge of the special conditions under which an association may be admitted to have the marks protected.

Trade names shall be protected in all the countries of the Union without the obligation of filing, whether it be apart or not of a trademark.

Any product bearing illegally a trademark or a trade name shall be seized at importation in those of the countries of the Union in which this mark or this trade name may have aright to legal protection.

If the laws of a country do not admit of seizure on importation, the seizure shall be replaced by prohibition of importation.

The seizure shall be likewise effected in the country where illegal affixing shall have been made, or in the country into which the product shall have been imported.

The seizure shall be made at the request of the public ministry, or any other competent authority, or by an interested party, individual or society, in conformity to the interior laws of each country.

The authorities shall not be required to make the seizure in transit.

If the laws of a country admit neither of the seizure on importation nor the prohibition of importation, nor seizure in said country, these measures shall be replaced by the acts and means which the law of such country would assure in like case to its own citizens.

The provisions of the preceding article shall be applicable to any product bearing falsely, as indication of place of production, the name of a definite locality, when this indication shall be joined to a fictitious or borrowed trade name with an intention to defraud.

The interested party is considered any producer, manufacturer or merchant, engaged in the production, manufacture or commerce of such product, and