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Rh visited. The Dutch give him the title of Kaiser, and to Englishmen in the East he is known as the Emperor of Java. In fact, both he and his neighbour are spoken of as independent princes; but all who visit the Vorsten Landen must know well that the movements of these two sovereigns are as rigorously guarded as those of the dissolute ex-king of Oude at Calcutta! The only real independence they now possess is in the management of their own affairs of state, and the power of letting the lands under their dominion to Europeans or Chinamen for cultivation, without enforcing the third of the produce from them.

The Susuhunan, and the princes who hold landed property, have cavalry and infantry of their own, a kind of Landwehr, or militia, subject to regulation, discipline, and equipment like that of the Dutch army; each regiment having, besides those officers appointed by the princes themselves, a Dutch major, captain, and ensign.