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 Shaftesbury, Earl of— Treaty of Dover, 211; Declaration of Indulgence, 212; dismissed from office, 212; plans to exclude James, 213-15

Shakespeare, 196

Shakespeare's Cliff, 222

Sheriffmuir, battle of, 269

Sicily, Charles VIII. styled King of, 39

Sickingen, 99

Sidney, Algernon, 169, 224; executed, 215

Sieyès, 14

Silesia, religious toleration in, 182; captured by Frederic, 291

Sixtus IV., Pope— Attitude towards Renaissance, 80; revision of the Latin Vulgate, 121

Sixtus V., Pope— On marriage of Henry VIII., 137; encourages Philip II. regarding Armada, 153; and Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 162

Slavata, Bohemian minister, 183

Slave trade— Negroes sold by Henry of Portugal, 53; exported to West Indies, 67; asiento obtained by Lewis XIV., 255; under Bolingbroke, 274

Smith, Adam, 306

Smith, Mr. Goldwin, cited, 27-8

Sobieski, King of Poland, 248, 279

Socinians, the, 171, 182; established in Poland, 123

Socinus, 10, 136

Socrates, 3

Solyman the Magnificent, conquests, 36

Somerset, Calvin's correspondence with, 146

Sophia the Electress, 185, 265-6

Sophocles, 76

Sorbin and the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 162

Sorcery, practice of, 111

South Sea Bubble, 271, 272

Spain— Expansion of, 37; ascendency of, 49-50; fall of Granada, 61-2; Jews expelled, 62; treaty of Tordesillas with Portugal, 64; Philippines acquired, 66; West Indian problem, 66-7; Index Expurgatorius in, 120-21; Treaty of Vervins, 170; decline as a land power, 178; Peace of the Pyrenees, 233; partition schemes, 249; the Succession War, 236-9, 249-63; first Partition Treaty, 250; second, 252

Spalatin, Saxon minister, warns Luther, 99

Spanish Succession, War of the— Events leading up to, 249-57; field force, 257; events, 258-61; results, 262-3; Marlborough. See that title

Spee, Jesuit, witchcraft trials, 116

Spinola, 49

Spires, Bishop of, trial of Reuchlin, 85

Spires, Diet of, 106

Sregedin, Treaty of, 35

Stadion, Bishop of Augsburg, 106

Stael, Mme. de, cited, 27

Stafford, Viscount— Evidence against, 213; trial and execution, 215

Stair, Earl of, 270; cited, 228

Stamp Act, the, 309

Stanhope, Earl— Ministry, 271; retention of Gibraltar, 273

Steenkerk, battle of, 230

Stepney, the envoy, 266

Steuchus of Gubbio, 88

Stoics, 73, 105

Strafford, Lord— Influence on Charles I., 201; death, 202

Stralsund, siege of, 187

Strasburg, Calvin in, 131, 132; design of Lewis XIV., 242; occupied by the French, 242, 244

Strelitz, mutiny of the, 281

Stuarts, policy of the, 196-9

Stubbs, Bishop, prefaces of, 16

Styria, Counter-Reformation in, 182

Suarez, 178

Succession, Act of, 256

Sully, Memoirs, 175

Sunderland, Lord, 26— Adviser to James II., 222, 224; forms Ministry, 271

Sweden. (See also Gustavus)— Negotiations with Wallenstein, 191-2; Triple Alliance with England and Holland, 238; prosperity of, 279

Swift and Wood's Halfpence, 273

Switzerland— Social state in 1490, 37; the Swiss Guard, 39; Lutheranism in, 130-31

Sylvius, Æneas. See Pius II., Pope

Synod of Dort, 174

Talavera, Archbishop of Granada, 62

Tallard, Marshal, 253

Tartary, Spanish projects for religion 61-2

Taxation of the Colonies, principle of, 307-11

Tellier, Le, 234