Page:Latin for beginners (1911).djvu/27

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 * v is like w in wine never as in vine
 * vī'-nǔm, vǐr
 * x has the value of two consonants (cs or gs) and is like x in extract, not as in exact
 * ěx'-trā, ěx-āc'-tǔs
 * bs is like ps and bt like pt
 * ǔrbs, ǒb-tǐ'-ně-ō
 * ch, ph, and th are like c, p, t
 * pǔl'-chěr, Phoe'-bē, thě-ā'-trǔm 
 * }
 * ch, ph, and th are like c, p, t
 * pǔl'-chěr, Phoe'-bē, thě-ā'-trǔm 
 * }
 * }


 * a. In combinations of consonants give each its distinct sound. Doubled consonants should be pronounced with a slight pause between the two sounds. Thus pronounce tt as in rat-trap, not as in rattle; pp as in hop-pole, not as in upper. Examples, mǐt'-tō, Ǎp'pǐ-ǔs, běl-lǔm.

8. A Latin word has as many syllables as it has vowels and diphthongs. Thus aes-tā'-tě has three syllables, au-dǐ-ěn'-dǔs has four.


 * a. Two vowels with a consonant between them never make one syllable, as is so often the case in English. Compare English inside with Latin īn-sī'-dě.

9. Words are divided into syllables as follows:


 * 1. A single consonant between two vowels goes with the second. Thus ǎ-mā'-bǐ-lǐs, mě-mǒ'-rǐ-ǎ, ǐn-tě'-rě-ā, ǎ'-běst, pě-rē'-gǐt.


 * 2. Combinations of two or more consonants:


 * a. A consonant followed by ll or r goes with the l or r. Thus pū'-blǐ-cǔs, ǎ'-grī.


 * . Prepositional compounds of this nature, as also ll and rr, follow rule b. Thus ǎb'-lǔ-ō, ǎb-rǔm'-pō, ǐl-lě, fěr'-rǔm.


 * b. In all other combinations of consonants the first consonant goes with the preceding vowel. Thus mǎg'-nǔs, ě-gěs'-tās, vǐc-tō'-rǐ-ǎ, hǒs'-pěs, ǎn'-nǔs, sǔ-bāc'-tǔs.


 * 3. The last syllable of a word is called the ul'-ti-ma; the one next to the last, the pe-nult; the one before the penult, the an'-te-pe-nult'.