Page:Language and the Study of Language.djvu/498

476. Andaman islands, people and language of, 339.

Anglo-Saxon language, ancestor of English, 24; its relations to the other Germanic languages, 210.

Animals lower than man. mental action of, 414-17, 439; how near some of them approach to capacity of language, 415, 440; reason of their incapacity, 438-40.

Annamese language, 336.

Antiquity of human race, 205, 382-3.

apprehend, 112, 133.

Arabic alphabet, origin and diffusion of, 462.

Arabic language, 294, 296-7, 301 seq., 306; its literature, 299-300; its spread, 299, 300, 346, 375.

Aramaic branch of Semitic languages, 297, 298.

Arbitrariness and conventionality of words, as signs for ideas, 14, 32, 71, 102, 438.

Armenian language, 192, 224; character in which it is written, 463.

Armorican language of Brittany, 190, 218.

Arrow-headed characters—see Cuneiform.

Articles, origin of, 115, 276.

Articulate sounds, how produced, 70, 87-91; their systematic arrangement and relations, 91; transitions, 92-8; office as means of expression, 421-3; have no inherent natural significance, 430-31; cannot represent exactly inarticulate sounds, 431-2.

Artificial languages, 50-51, 444; artificial terminology, 122.

Aryan branch of Indo-European language, 192, 201.

Aryan, name for Indo-European, 192.

as, 111, 114.

Asia, languages of, 192, 222-7, 294-337, 354-5.

Aspirates, or aspirated mutes, 93, 265 note.

Assimilation of consonants, 93-4.

Assimilation of dialects, 160-61, 181.

Association, mental, the only tie between words and their meanings, 14, 71, 128, 409-10.

Assyrian people and language, 295, 297.

Athapaskan group of American languages, 350.

attend, 178.

Attenuation of the meaning of words and elements of words, 114-20.

Attic dialect of ancient Greek, 221.

Augment in Indo-European verbs, 267, 292.

Australia, language of, 339-40.

Austrian dialect of Old High—German, 211; Austrian dialectic elements in modern German, 163.

Auxiliary and relational words, their production, 117-20.

Avesta, Zoroastrian scripture, 222.

Aztecs, language of, 351.

Baber, the emperor, memoirs of, 313.

Bantu family—see South-African.

Bashkir, Turkish language, 310.

Basque language, in Spain, 191, 353-4, 363.

Bavarian dialect of Old High-German, 163, 211.

be, 115.

bear, 242.

become, 108.

befall, 113.

Beginnings, of Indo-European language, 250 seq.; of language in general, 423-6.

Bengali language, 224.

Beowulf, Anglo—Saxon poem, 210.

Berber languages, 341, 343.

better, 331.

bishop, 244, 387.

blame, 262.

blast, 262.

Bleek, Dr. W. H. J., referred to, 344 note.

board, 107.

boatswain, 72.

body, 115.

Bohemian language, 191, 214.

Bopp, Professor Franz, referred to, 5, 200, 245 note.

Bornu, language of, 346.

Borrowing of foreign words, its range and amount, 185, 197-8; into English vocabulary, 143-7.

bow-wow, 425.

Bow-wow theory of origin of language, 426 seq.

Brahui language, 327.

breakfast, 56.

Breton language, 190, 218.

brother, 196.

Brown, Rev. N., referred to, 337 note.

Bulgarian language. 191, 214.

Buriats, language of, 312.

Burmese language, 336, 359.

Burnouf, M. Eugene, referred to, 5.

Bushmen, language of, 341, 345.

butterfly, 71.