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 CHAPTER IV

THE FIRST TOOLS, OR THE PROJECTION OF HANDS

OVEMENT, play, art, are all a kind of preparation. They are all, but especially the last two, imitative in character, reflecting impressions received—and they are a preparation; but for what? For something that out-distances them all and is entirely different from every one of them. For toolmaking.

A tool differs entirely from a picture, or statue, or any work of art, because it can be used as a member. It is used at first as a member, and, indeed, the earliest tool makers were not conscious of it as anything outside their own bodies.

The German, Ernest Kapp, was the first to show fully and in detail what the tool is. In his book, Philosophie der Technik (from which some of the following illustrations are taken), he shows how in remote ages man struggling for life with creatures stronger than himself and hardly lifted any higher 67