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WYANDOTS

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WYCLIFFE COLLEGE

commercial treaties with the United States and other nations; and in the following year he was named vice-president of the Board of Commerce newly organized by the Chinese Government at Hong Kong. In 1.908 he was again appointed minister to the United States.

Wy'andots", a tribe of American Indians of the Iroquois family, found originally around Lake Huron. They were called Tobacco Indians by the French, because cf the large quantity of tobacco raised by them. They were nearly exterminated by the Iroquois, the survivors finally settling in Michigan, mainly around Detroit, where they furnished the English with 600 warriors in the War of 1812. They settled later along Sandusky River in Ohio, but sold their lands to the United States and moved to Kansas.

Wy'andotte Cave, a curious cave in Indiana, four miles from Leavenworth. It is 22 miles long, and the two largest rooms are 245 feet high. In Mammoth Hall is a mound 175 feet high, with three statues, one called Lot's Wife. The dome is 70 feet from the top of the mound. The White-Cloud Room, Beauty's Bower and the Pillared Palace are other points of interest, all beautifully decorated with crystals, thought by many to exceed in beauty those of Mammoth Cave, Ky.

Wyant (wl'ant}, Alexander Helwig, an Ameiican artist, was born at Port Washington, O., on Jan. n, 1836. After trying the saddlery business, he turned to art, went to Europe in 1865, and became a pupil of Hans Gude at Karlsruhe. He painted American landscapes almost exclusively, being particularly successful in views of the Adirondack wilderness, and gained high standing. His characteristics were subtlety of tone, delicacy of workmanship and ability to catch nature's evanescent moods. Among his pictures are A Pool on the Ausable (in the Adiron-dacks) and An October Day. He died at New York City in 1892.

Wy'att, Richard John, an English sculptor, was born at London, May 3, 1795. He studied at London and Paris and at Rome in the studio of Canova. His favorite subjects were classical. Penelope, I no and Bacchus and Eucharis and Cupid are some of his best-known works, whose delicacy and finish placed him in the front rank of English sculptors and gained the highest medal for sculpture at the great exhibition in 1851, though he had died at Rome, where he resided, May 29, 1850.

Wyatt, Sir Thomas, an English poet, was born in Kent in 1503. He studied at Cambridge and held a position at court under Henry VIII and at Anne Bolevn's wedding. He was English ambassador at the court of Charles V, and cm his return lived at Allington in retirement. His poems were

published with those of Surrey in 1557. With Surrey he shares the honor of introducing the sonnet (q. v.) into England, and his love-poems are among the sweetest of the time. He died on Oct. n, 1542.

Wyclifte (wWUf) or Wiclif, John, an English reformer, was born near Richmond in Yorkshire between 1324 and 1329. He studied at Oxford, was master of Bailiol Hall, since Bailiol College, and finally (1374) rector of Lutterworth in Leicestershire. His first oppsition to the church was shown in contending for the king against the papal claim to certain tribute-money. In 1374, on a visit to Bruges, where he was sent to confer with the papal legate, he seems to have been confirmed by what he saw in his opposition to the pope. His opinions brought him into trouble, as he was summoned in 1378 before a religious. body, but a London mob burst into the chapel and stopped the proceedings. The pope issued bulls (papal decrees) against him, and he was again summoned to Lambeth, but escaped with an injunction to be careful what he preached. He began translating the Bible, sending copies of parts of it from village to village. lie had a large following, the Lollards, as his disciples were called, being found in all ranks of the people. He was again summoned before the church tribunal, his works condemned to be burned, and he himself banished from Oxford to his parish at Lutterworth. He died on Dec. 31, 1384. His bones were taken up in 1428 by order of the Council of Constance (1415), and burned, and the ashes scattered into the river Swift, a branch of the Avon. Besides his Bible, which was the first English version, he wrote a large number of tracts, over 200 being burned in Bohemia. He was the father of English prose, his translation of the Bible making practically the language that was used by Tindale and his successors in their versions. Historically he is called The Morning-Star of the Reformation, for his works made Hus (q. v.} of Bohemia a retormer, and the writings of Hus powerfully influenced Luther (q. v.). Consult Burrows: Wiclif s Place in History; Lechler: John Wiclif; Loserth : Hus and Wiclif; Sargeant: John Wyclif; Stanley Lane Poole: Wycliffe; and Trevelyan; The Age 0f Wycliffe.

Wycliffe College, Toronto, Can., was established in 1877 under the name of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School. In

1890 the college was federated to the University   of   Toronto. The  college   was   in

1891  transferred to new and  commodious quarters. Through  representation   in   the university's   senate   it   secures   a   share   in administration. The greater  part   of  the students take their arts course in the university and in University College. Decrees in divinity are conferred. It has about 50 students  (a  three-year theological  course)